of the following terms of the game theory : (i)strategy (ii)Pay off table (iii) value of the game and (iv) saddle point
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Explain with example each of the following terms of the
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- 1. George wishes to determine which of four investment strategies to use, given the payoff table here showing his annual returns (in thousands of shillings). The final outcome depends on what the government does in its upcoming tax bill. StrategyTaxes Go UpGo DownNo Change 1-255030 2-224030 3403550 4374050 a. Which investment strategy should James use if he is pessimistic regarding the future? b. Which investment strategy should James use of he is optimistic regarding the future? c. Which investment strategy should James use if he uses the Minimax Regret criterion? 2. Two different models are available for the same machine. The production statistics (number of units produced per hour) of these two models are given below. The data was collected on different days.Model A180176184181190137 Model B195194190192187185187 Will you conclude that Model A and Model B have the same productivity? 3. How large a sample should be selected to provide a 95% confidence interval with a margin of error…1) A television network earns an average of $1.6 million each season from a hit program and loses an averageof $400,000 each season on a program that turns out to be a flop, and of all programs picked up by thisnetwork in recent years, 25% turn out to be hits and 75% turn out to be flops. a) Construct a decision tree to help the television network identify the strategy that maximizes itsexpected profit in responding to a newly proposed television program. Make sure to label all decision and chance nodes and include appropriate costs, payoffs and probabilities. b) What should the network do? What is their expected profit? c) The network can conduct market research to determine whether a program will be a hit or a flop. Ifthe market research report is perfectly reliable, what is the most the network should be willing to payfor it? 2) A buyer for a large sporting goods store chain must place orders for professional footballs with the footballmanufacturer six months prior to the time…“It is the rule in war, if our forces are ten to the enemy’s one, to surround him; if five to one, to attack him; if twice as numerous, to divide our army into two. If equally matched, we can offer battle; if slightly inferior in numbers, we can avoid the enemy; if quite unequal in every way, we can flee from him.” Discuss and evaluate the influence of the above Sun Tzu’s principle on the adopted competitive strategy of Huawei to compete against established Western telcos in expanding their market locally and globally.
- 1. The Requirement 4 for a Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium states that “At information sets off the equilibrium path, beliefs are determined by Bayes’ rule and the players’ equilibrium strategies, where possible”. This requirement is vacuous in a signaling game because (a) A signaling game never has an information set off the equilibrium path. (b) A signaling game does not specify the receiver’s strategy off the equilibrium path. (c) A signaling game does not require beliefs to be specified off the equilibrium path. (d) None of the above.Based on the following payoff table, answer the following: Alternative High Medium Low A 20 20 5 B 25 30 11 C 30 12 13 D 10 12 12 E 50 40 −28 Prior Probability 0.3 0.2 0.5 The Bayes’ decision rule strategy is: Multiple Choice: E. B. C. D. A.1) A television network earns an average of $1.6 million each season from a hit program and loses an average of $400,000 each season on a program that turns out to be a flop, and of all programs picked up by this network in recent years, 25% turn out to be hits and 75% turn out to be flops. a) Construct a decision tree to help the television network identify the strategy that maximizes itsexpected profit in responding to a newly proposed television program. Make sure to label all decisionand chance nodes and include appropriate costs, payoffs and probabilities. b) What should the network do? What is their expected profit? c) The network can conduct market research to determine whether a program will be a hit or a flop. If the market research report is perfectly reliable, what is the most the network should be willing to pay for it? 2) A buyer for a large sporting goods store chain must place orders for professional footballs with the football manufacturer six months prior to the…
- 2. Using the following table, perform ALL FIVE of the techniques for Decision Making under Uncertainty: Maximax, Maximin, Hurwicz Realism (α = 0.7), LaPlace and Minimax Regret. You must show your work for obtaining the points. PROFIT ($) STRONG MARKET FAIR MARKET POOR MARKET Large facility 550,000 110,000 -310,000 Medium-sized facility 300,00 129,000 -100,000 Small facility 200,000 100,000 -32,000 No facility 0 0 0A television network earns an average of $1.6 million each season from a hit program and loses an averageof $400,000 each season on a program that turns out to be a flop, and of all programs picked up by thisnetwork in recent years, 25% turn out to be hits and 75% turn out to be flops. a) Construct a decision tree to help the television network identify the strategy that maximizes itsexpected profit in responding to a newly proposed television program. Make sure to label all decisionand chance nodes and include appropriate costs, payoffs and probabilities. b) What should the network do? What is their expected profit? c) The network can conduct market research to determine whether a program will be a hit or a flop. Ifthe market research report is perfectly reliable, what is the most the network should be willing to payfor it? Can you please include pictures of excel sheets. Having trouble determining what the excel sheet should look likeA manager is deciding whether to build a small or a large facility. Much depends on the future demand that the facility must serve, and demand may be small or large. The manager knows with certainty the payoffs that will result under each alternative, shown in the following payoff table. The payoffs (in $000) are the present values of future revenues minus costs for each alternative in each event. Possible Future DemandAlternative Low HighSmall facility 200 270Large facility 160 800Do nothing 0 0What is the best choice if future demand will be low?
- Suppose a payoff table for player 1 in a two person zero sum game is a follows where both the players have three strategy: Player-2 Player-1 1 2 3 1 1 -3 4 2 7 5 -1 3 5 4 -3 Find the optimal strategy for player 1 using graphical procedure. Also find the value of that game. Is it a fair game? Justify your answe.An investor has a certain amount of money available to invest now. Three alternative investments are available. The estimated profits, in Kwacha, of each investment under each economic condition are indicated in the following payoff table: Event Investment selection A B C Economy declines 500 -2000 -7000 No charge 1000 2000 -1000 Economy Expand 2000 5000 20,000 Based on his own past experience, the investor assigns the following probabilities to each economic condition: P (Economy declines) = 0.30 P (No Change) = 0.50 P (Economy expands) = 0.20 i. Compute the coefficient of variation for each investment. ii. Compute the return-to-risk ratio (RTRR) for each investment. iii. Based on (i) and (ii), what investment would you choose? Why?In the environment of increased competition, a fitness club executive is considering the purchase of additional equipment. His alternatives, outcomes, and payoffs (profits) are shown in the following table: (a). If the executive is an optimistic decision maker, which alternative will he likely choose? (b). if the executive is a pessimistic decision maker, which alternative will he likely choose? (c). Market research suggests the chance of a favorable market for fitness clubs is 76%. If the executive uses this analysis, which alternative will he likely choose? I have provided the data table for the problem.