Once bound to the promoter, RNA polymerase Oa. melts the two DNA strands in the termination site region O b. degrades the two DNA strands in the start site region O c. separates the two DNA strands in the start site region O d. chemically alters the DNA template O e. breaks the DNA chain in the start site region
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- What would be the result if an organism’s telomerase were mutated and nonfunctional? a. No DNA replication would take place. b. The DNA polymerase enzyme would stall at the telomere. c. Chromosomes would shorten with each new generation. d. RNA primers could not be removed.Match the E. coli mismatch repair enzyme on the left with the appropriate function on the right. MutS MutH MutL a. facilitates the looping of the region of DNA to be replaced b. distinguish between parental and newly-synthesized DNA c. locates mismatches in the DNAA promoter is ______. a. a specific sequence of DNA nucleotides b. a specific sequence of RNA nucleotides c. a protein that binds to DNA d. an enzyme that synthesizes RNA
- f you made a change in the promoter sequence in the DNA that inactivates the promoter, what would happen at the RNA level? A-Nothing, because the RNA would be made as usual B-Transcription factors would be unable to bind and the RNA polymerase would not be recruited to the DNA, so no RNA would be made. C-The mutation of the DNA would be carried through to the RNA sequence. D-The DNA helicase would not be able to recognize and bind the DNA, so the RNA would not be made. EXPLAIN WHY THE ANSWER YOU CHOOSE IS CORRECTDNA polymerases ____. a. add new nucleotides to a strand b. repair DNA c. assemble new strands in both direction d. seal gaps in the sugar-phosphate backbone e. catalyze carbon bondingIn DNA replication, a primer is _____. a. what the original DNA strands are called b. a molecule that provides the energy for nucleotide attachments c. a regulatory protein that turns on the gene that starts DNA replication d. an enzyme that breaks the hydrogen bonds between base pairs e. a short piece of nucleic acid that serves as an attachment point for DNA polymerase
- RNA polymerase unwinds the DNA forming the _________________________ (a) Okazaki fragment (b) Primer (c) Initiation complex (d) open promoter complex (e) none of the aboveFollowing a CRISPR mediated DNA double-strand break, how can the DNA be repaired by the cell? Choose all that apply. A. Base pairing between complementary sticky sides. B. Nonhomologous end joining. C. Homology directed repair. D. Crossing over between nonhomologous chromosomes.Why are mutations more likely to occur in repeated DNA sequences? a. These bases are unstable b. bases in the strand can form base pairs, generating loops that interfere with replication and repair enzymes. c. The repeats hold onto the replication enzymes, causing base mismatches d. the repeats attract and bind to mutagens, increasing the mutation rate
- In an EMSA, the binding of a protein to DNAa. prevents the DNA from being digested with a restrictionenzyme.b. causes the DNA to migrate more slowly through a gel.c. causes the DNA to migrate more quickly through a gel.d. inhibits the expression of any genes within the DNA.Topoisomerases are enzymes that can: a. join two DNA fragments to become one. b. catalyze conformational change of a protein. c. cut DNA at specific site. d. catalyze the breaking and rejoining of DNA strands which produces DNA that is either more or less superhelical than the original.the most efficient general strategy for whole genome sequencing is ? (a) double the coding sequence after sequencing the proteins (b) shotgun sequence and assemble based on overlaps (c) identify mutations that affect glycolysis (d) obtain recombinant DNA clone maps before starting the sequencing (e) obtain comprehensive SNP maps before determining the order of DNA clone