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- Find the Pratt - Arrow risk - aversion function for a utility function U(W) = log(0.5-W + 500), where W is the amount of wealth in €. Suppose that an investor's wealth is subject to outcomes -800 €, 500 €, 500 € and 1, 000 € which affect the initial amount of 2,500 € with probabilities of their occurrence 40%, 15%, 15% and 30%, respectively. a) Using the Taylor approximation to certainty equivalent, calculate an approximate expected utility value. b) Calculate the certain equivalent of the investor's uncertain wealth. Interpret.Suppose Investor A has a power utility function with γ = 1, whilst Investor B has a power utility function with γ = 0.5 (i) Which investor is more risk-averse(assuming that w > 0)? (ii) Suppose that Investor B has an initial wealth of 100 and is offered the opportunity to buy Investment X for 100, which offers an equal chance of a payout of 110 or 92. Will she choose to buy Investment X?You are a risk-averse investor with a CRRA utility function. You are faced with the decision to invest your total wealth W of £1,000,000 into a riskless asset which generates a return of 5% or into a risky asset which either generates a return of 20% or a loss of −4% with equal probability. Find the optimal investment allocation with a coefficient of relative risk aversion η=2, and comment on your results.
- Consider two investors A and B.If the Certainty-Equivalent end-of-period wealth of A is less than the Certainty-Equivalent end-of-period wealth of B for the same portfolio choice,then A. Risk aversion of A > Risk aversion of B B. Risk aversion of A = Risk aversion of B C. Risk aversion of A< Risk aversion of B D. Not enough Information Justify your choice in a sentence or two：Consider the constant relative risk aversion utility of wealth function from Chapter 3 for an investor with gamma parameter equal to 0.25: U(W) = W^(0.25)/(0.25) = 4W^(0.25). Suppose this investor is faced with a 50-50 bet to receive nothing or to receive 1000 dollars. What's a fair price for this bet to the investor? I.e., what is the certainty equivalent wealth (CEW) associated with this bet, for this investorConsider the following portfolio choice problem. The investor has initial wealth w and utility u(x) = X^n/n . There is a safe asset (such as a US government bond) that has a net real return of zero. There is also a risky asset with a random net return that has only two possible returns, R1 with probability 1 − q and R0 with probability q. We assume R1 < 0, R0 > 0. Let A be the amount invested in the risky asset, so that w−A is invested in the safe asset. Now find the share of wealth, α, invested in the risky asset. How does α change with wealth?
- Consider the following portfolio choice problem. The investor has initial wealth w and utility u(x) = x^n/n . There is a safe asset (such as a US government bond) that has net real return of zero. There is also a risky asset with a random net return that has only two possible returns, R1 with probability 1 − q and R0 with probability q. We assume R1 < 0, R0 > 0. Let A be the amount invested in the risky asset, so that w − A is invested in the safe asset. 1. What are risk preferences of this investor, are they risk-averse, riskneutral or risk-loving? 2. Find A as a function of w. 3. Does the investor put more or less of his portfolio into the risky asset as his wealth increases? 4. Now find the share of wealth, α, invested in the risky asset. How does α change with wealth? 5. Calculate relative risk aversion for this investor. How does relative risk aversion depend on wealth?A risk-averse expected-utility maximizer has initial wealth w0 and utility function u. She facesa risk of a financial loss of L dollars, which occurs with probability π. An insurance companyoffers to sell a policy that costs p dollars per dollar of coverage (per dollar paid back in theevent of a loss). Denote by x the number of dollars of coverage.(a) Give the formula for her expected utility V (x) as a function of x.(b) Suppose that u(z) = −e−zλ, π = 1/4, L = 100 and p = 1/3. Write V (x)using these values. There should be three variables, x, λ and w. Find the optimal value of x,as a function of λ and w, by solving the first-order condition (set the derivative of the expectedutility with respect to x equal to zero). (The second-order condition for this problem holds butyou do not need to check it.) Does the optimal amount of coverage increase or decrease in λ,where λ > 0?(c) Repeat exercise (b), but with p = 1/6.(d) You should find that for either (b) or (c), the optimal coverage…Consider the following portfolio choice problem. The investor has initial wealth w and utility u(x) = (x^n)/n . There is a safe asset (such as a US government bond) that has net real return of zero. There is also a risky asset with a random net return that has only two possible returns, R1 with probability 1 − q and R0 with probability q. We assume R1 < 0, R0 > 0. Let A be the amount invested in the risky asset, so that w−A is invested in the safe asset. What are risk preferences of this investor, are they risk-averse, risk- neutral or risk-loving? Find A as a function of w. Does the investor put more or less of his portfolio into the risky asset as his wealth increases?.
- Consider the following portfolio choice problem. The investor has initial wealth w andutility u(x) = (x^n) /n. There is a safe asset (such as a US government bond) that has netreal return of zero. There is also a risky asset with a random net return that has onlytwo possible returns, R1 with probability 1 − q and R0 with probability q. We assumeR1 < 0, R0 > 0. Let A be the amount invested in the risky asset, so that w − A isinvested in the safe asset.a) What are risk preferences of this investor, are they risk-averse, riskneutral or risk-loving?b) Find A as a function of w.Consider the following portfolio choice problem. The investor has initial wealth w andutility u(x) = (x^n) /n. There is a safe asset (such as a US government bond) that has netreal return of zero. There is also a risky asset with a random net return that has onlytwo possible returns, R1 with probability 1 − q and R0 with probability q. We assumeR1 < 0, R0 > 0. Let A be the amount invested in the risky asset, so that w − A isinvested in the safe asset. Calculate relative risk aversion for this investor. How does relative risk aversion depend on wealth?Let U(x)= x^(beta/2) denote an agent's utility function, where Beta > 0 is a parameter that defines the agent's attitude towards risk. Consider a gamble that pays a prize X = 10 with probability 0.2, a price X = 50 with probability 0.4 and a price X = 100 with probability 0.4. Compute the agentís expected utility for such gamble and find the value of Beta such that the agentis risk neutral? Suppose B= 1, what is the certainty equivalent of the gamble described above? What is the Arrow-Pratt measure of absolute risk aversion?