Outline the path of 2 molecules of alanine to 1 molecule of glucose using alanine dehydrogenase and other processes or pathways you know. Determine the net reaction and make sure you include both the necessary cofactors AND the handling of the ammonia by the urea cycle.
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Outline the path of 2 molecules of alanine to 1 molecule of glucose using alanine dehydrogenase and other processes or pathways you know. Determine the net reaction and make sure you include both the necessary cofactors AND the handling of the ammonia by the urea cycle.
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- Select the following enzymes that utilize a mechanism where an enediol intermediate is formed. Check all that apply: a)phosphoglucoisomerase b)triose phosphate isomerase c)aldolase d) glyceraldehyde 3-P dehydrogenase e) hexokinaseSelect the following enzymes that utilize a mechanism where ATP serves as the phosphate donor. Select ALL that apply: a) glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase b) hexokinase c) aldolase class 1 d) PFK e) phosphoglucoisomeraseOutline the mechanism of the conversion of a-ketoglutarate to succinylCoA catalyzed by α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. Include all products, coenzymes, and reactions in your discussion.
- Write a balanced equation for each of the following reactions or reaction sequences. (a) The reaction catalyzed by PFK-2 (b) The conversion of 2 moles of oxaloacetate to glucose (c) The conversion of glucose to UDP-Glc (d) The conversion of 2 moles of glycerol toglucose (e) The conversion of 2 moles of malate to glucose-6-phosphateSelect the following enzymes that utlize a mechanism involving covalent catalysis. Select ALL that apply: a) aldolase class 1 b) glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase c) aldolase class 2 d) triose phosphate isomerase e) hexokinaseName the following enzymes:a. enzyme responsible for the cutting of the sugar on the nonreducing ends of glycogen branches b. enzyme that is only present in the liver and kidney during glycogen utilization c. enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a two-carbon fragment from a ketose donor to an aldose acceptor in PPP
- The glycine cleavage system is a group of four enzymes that together catalyze the following reaction: Use the following information to determine the sequence of reactions carried out by the glycine cleavage system:a. The first enzyme is a PLP-requiring decarboxylase.b. The second enzyme is aminomethyltransferase. This enzyme has a lipoate coenzyme.c. The third enzyme synthesizes N5,N10-methylene-THF and also forms +NH4.d. The fourth enzyme is an FAD-requiring enzyme.e. The cleavage system also requires NAD+ .Which of the following reactions would you expect to proceed in the direction shown, under standard conditions, in the presence of the appropriate enzymes? Discuss briefly your choice. a. Malate + NAD+ → oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ b. Acetoacetate + NADH + H+ → β-hydroxybutyrate + NAD+ c. Pyruvate + NADH + H+ → lactate NAD+ d. Pyruvate + β-hydroxybutyrate → lactate + acetoacetate e. Malate + pyruvate → oxaloacetate + lactate f. Acetaldehyde + succinate → ethanol + fumarateDescribe in detail the structure of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
- Given each set of information which may include common name(s) and the reaction catalyzed, you are required to identify the main class of the specific enzyme described. _____________________1. Name: alkaline phosphataseReaction: a phosphate monoester + H2O = an alcohol + phosphate_____________________2. Reaction: L-threonine = D-threonine.Other information: Inverts both chiral centers, a racemase. _____________________3. Name: glycine-N-acylaseReaction: acyl-COA + glycine = CoA + N-acylglycine_____________________ 4. Name: lysine decarboxylaseReaction: L-lysine = cadaverine + CO2 _____________________5. Name: methanol dehydrogenaseReaction: methanol + NAD+ = formaldehyde + NADH + H+ _____________________6. Name: citryl-CoA synthetaseReaction: ATP + citrate + CoA = ADP + phosphate + (3S)-citryl-CoA_____________________7. Name: D-xylulose reductaseReaction: xylitol + NAD+ = D-xylulose + NADH + H+ _____________________8. Name: cellobiose phosphorylaseReaction: cellobiose phosphate =…The following are the negative regulators of phosphofructokinase except Select one: a. AMP +b. H c. Citrate d. ATPDescribe the reaction catalyzed by each enzyme: (a) aspartate transaminase; (b) glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.