Explain how the position in the active site and function of the oxyanion hole of chymotrypsin supports the theory that enzymes preferentially bind the transition state of the reactions they catalyze
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Explain how the position in the active site and function of the oxyanion hole of chymotrypsin supports the theory that enzymes preferentially bind the transition state of the reactions they catalyze
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- Based on your knowledge of the structure of NAD+ and an assumption that coenzyme dissociation is the rate limiting step of the alcohol dehydrogenase mechanism, hypothesize why a N249W mutation at the coenzyme binding site would increase the rate of catalysis.Examine the ActiveModel for alcohol dehydrogenase and describe the structure and function of the catalytic zinc center.Describe the two models that explain the binding of allosteric enzymes. Use either model to explain the binding ofoxygen to hemoglobin.
- Explain how the conversion of alanine to pyruvic acid (pyruvate) can be identified as an oxidation reaction.Briefly describe the role of nucleophilic catalysis in the mechanism of the chymotrypsin reaction.Describe the significance of transition state stabilisation and how this impacts the free energy of activation in enzyme catalysed reactions.
- Predict the effect of each of the following amino acid substitutions on the KM and kcat of the enzyme-catalyzed reactionsPredict which one of the five steps of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex reaction is metabolically irreversible under physiological conditions and explain why.The mechanism of chymotrypsin is used as a model for studying enzyme reaction mechanisms. Answer the following questions related to chymotrypsin: 1. List the 3 amino acids in the catalytic triad of chymotrypsin. 2. List the types of catalytic mechanisms (from the 3 main types of catalytic mechanisms) displayed in the mechanism of chymotrypsin.
- Linking a molecule of acetate to CoA is an example of what type of common biochemical reaction? ATP is required to catalyze this reaction, explain why in terms of the enthalpy and entropy change associated with the reaction.In the liver, fructose can be converted into glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate without passing through the phosphofructokinase-regulated reaction. Show the reactions that make this conversion possible. Why might ingesting high levels of fructose have deleterious physiological effects?Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are effectively two side of the same coin with the aid of a diagram explanations what this statement means by dicribing the reactions of each pathy and discussing thier regulation