Patch clamping is a technique to record the electrical potential or to measure currents generated by ions moving across the cell membrane. The figure shows the patch clamp records of a neurone before (control) and after treatment with tetrodotoxin (TTX) from pufferfish. TTX most like binds to and blocks Control inward current 50 pA 5 ms TTX voltage-gated sodium channels O voltage-gated chloride channels O sodium potassium pumps O nicotinic acetylcholine receptors O alpha adrenergic receptors O muscarinic acetylcholine receptors O beta adrenergic receptors

Patch clamping is a technique to record the electrical potential or to measure currents generated by ions moving across the cell membrane. The figure shows the patch clamp records of a neurone before (control) and after treatment with tetrodotoxin (TTX) from pufferfish. TTX most like binds to and blocks Control inward current 50 pA 5 ms TTX voltage-gated sodium channels O voltage-gated chloride channels O sodium potassium pumps O nicotinic acetylcholine receptors O alpha adrenergic receptors O muscarinic acetylcholine receptors O beta adrenergic receptors

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter35: The Nervous System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2VCQ: Figure 35.11 Potassium channel blockers, such as amiodarone and procainamide, which are used to...

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Figure 35.11 Potassium channel blockers, such as amiodarone and procainamide, which are used to treat abnormal electrical activity in the heart, called cardiac dysrhythmia, impede the movement of K+ through voltage-gated K+ channels. Which part of the action potential would you expect potassium channels to affect?
Action potentials occur when ______. a. potassium gates close b. a stimulus pushes membrane potential to threshold c. sodium-potassium pumps become active d. neurotransmitter is reabsorbed
Conformational changes in channel proteins brought about by voltage changes are responsible for opening and closing Na+ and K+ gates during the generation of an action potential. (True or false?)
View the University of Michigan Webscope (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/nervefiber) to see an electron micrograph of a cross-section of a myelinated nerve fiber. The axon contains microtubules and neurofilaments, bounded by a plasma membrane known as the axolemma. Outside the plasma membrane of the axon is the myelin sheath, which is composed of the tightly wrapped plasma membrane of a Schwann cell. What aspects of the cells in this image react with the stain that makes them the deep, dark, black color, such as the multiple layers that are the myelin sheath?
Stellate cells initially process sensory input to the cortex, whereas pyramidal cells send fibers from the cortex to terminate on efferent motor neurons. (True or false)
The accelerating flow of _______ ions through gated channels across the membrane triggers an action potential. a. potassium b. sodium c. hydrogen d. a and b
Neurons contain ________, which can receive signals from other neurons. a. axons b. mitochondria c. dendrites d. Golgibodies
Grasshopper mouse lives in the desert of Arizona where there are scorpions whosevenoms are toxic by activating neuronal Nav channels or impair channel inactivation,thereby increasing neuron excitability causing pain/or paralysis. Interestingly, thegrasshopper mouse (Onychomys torridus) kills and consumes bark scorpions whileshowing little signs of discomfort when stung by the scorpion. On the other hand regularmouse is affected severely by the scorpion stung. What could be the molecular reason forthat adaptation
Can you explain to me why choice E is the correct answer and break down why the other options are false?Select the choice option that is TRUE regarding the absolute and relative refractory periods of the action potential (AP). A. The absolute refractory period occurs when the activation gate of voltage gated sodium channel closes at the peak of the AP B. The relative refractory period occurs when the inactivation gate of voltage gated sodium channels closes at the peak of the AP C. The relative refractory period occurs when the activation gate of voltage gated potassium channels opens at the peak of the AP D. The absolute refractory period may be overcome if enough excitatory stimulation is applied to the neuronal membrane E. All of the choice options are FALSE regarding the absolute and relative refractory periods of the AP
Which of the following is true about the conduction of action potentials? a. Thicker axons are faster because there is more surface area on thicker axons. b. Myelin speeds conduction because the glial cells add voltage gated Na+ channels to the neuron. c. Diffusion of Na+ ions between the Nodes of Ranvier happens faster than the wave of opening and closing membrane proteins can travel. d. Neurons that don’t have myelin sheaths undergo saltatory conduction e. Action potentials move slowly.
Based upon the changes in permeability seen in the trace below and your knowledge of ion distributions across a cell, predict how ion movements would change during an action potential. Drag and drop each phrase into the appropriate box on the action potential trace. Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. Note: not all labels will be used. ►View Available Hint(s) Sodium (Na+) ions move to the axon Sodium (Na) ions move out of the axon Less potassium (K) ions move out of the axon Potassium (K) ions move out of the axon Potassium (K¹) ions move into the axon Sodium (Na) ions stop moving in Membrane potential (mv) +30 +10 0 -10- -30 -50 -70 -90 A PNa 0 PNa 5 6 1 PK Threshold PK 2 Reset Help
which of the following would be true (more than one can be true)? a) summation of A and X would reach threshold b) summation of C and A would be a graded potential c) stimulation by A would depolarize cell d) stimulation by B would be a subthreshold depolarization e) summation of B and C would be a graded potential with the net value of 12 mV depolarization