Photosynthesis can be divided into two steps: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle. Which of the following correctly describes the overall process of the Calvin cycle? O During the Calvin cycle, carbon is oxidized. ATP and NADPH produced by the light reactions are used by the Calvin cycle to make carbohydrates. O The Calvin cycle breaks down carbohydrates into simpler molecules. O The Calvin cycle occurs in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts.

Photosynthesis can be divided into two steps: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle. Which of the following correctly describes the overall process of the Calvin cycle? O During the Calvin cycle, carbon is oxidized. ATP and NADPH produced by the light reactions are used by the Calvin cycle to make carbohydrates. O The Calvin cycle breaks down carbohydrates into simpler molecules. O The Calvin cycle occurs in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts.

BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS+APPL.(LOOSELEAF)

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305967359

Author:STARR

Publisher:STARR

Chapter20: The Protists

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4CT: Melvin Calvin and Andrew Benson determined the steps in the light-independent reactions of...

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What is the molecule that leaves the Calvin cycle to be converted into glucose? a. ADP b. G3P c. RuBP d. 3-PGA
Which part of the Calvin cycle would be affected if a cell could not produce the enzyme RuBIsCO?
What is the overall purpose of the light reactions in photosynthesis?
The Overall Free Energy Change for Photosynthetic NADP+ Reduction What is the overall free energy change (G) for noncyclic photosynthetic electron transport? 4 (700-nm photons) + 4 (680-nm photons) + 2 H2O + 2 NADP+O2 + 2 NADPH + 2H+
Match each term with its most suitable description. ____ PGAL formation a. absorbs light ____CO2 fixation b. converts light to chemical energy ____ autotroph c. self-feeder ____ ATP forms NADPH does not d. electrons cycle back to photosystem ____ photorespiration e. problem in C3 plants ____ photosynthesis f. Calvin-Benson cycle product ____ pigment g. water molecules split ____ photolysis in photosynthesis h. rubisco function
Which of the following substances does not participate in the CalvinBenson cycle? a. ATP b. NADPH c. RuBP d. PGAL e. O2 f. CO2
Melvin Calvin and Andrew Benson determined the steps in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis by exposing the green alga Chlorella to CO2 labeled with the radioisotope carbon 14. By looking at which compounds the C14 ended up in, they were able to identify all intermediates in this cyclic pathway. Why did they predict correctly that the same set of intermediates would be formed in the light reaction in land plants?
Photosynthesis directly opposes respiration in determining how plants influence atmospheric CO2 concentrations. When a leaf is in the light, both photosynthesis and respiration are occurring simultaneously. The data in the Table were collected from the leaf of a sagebrush plant that was enclosed in a chamber that measures the rate of CO2 exchange. The same leaf was used to collect the data in Interpret the Data in Chapter 7. Respiration is shown as a negative and photosynthesis as a positive rate of CO2 exchange. The net photosynthesis rate is the amount of CO2 (in micromoles per square meter per second) assimilated by the leaf while respiration is occurring; a positive value indicates more photosynthesis is occurring than respiration. The light exposed to the leaf is quantified as the number of photons in the 400 to 700 nm wavelength, the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD); 2,000 mol/m2/s is equivalent to the amount of light occurring at midday in full Sun. Observation Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD) (mol/m2/s) Net Photosynthesis (mol/m2/s) 1 2,000 9.1 2 1,500 8.4 3 1,250 8.2 4 1,000 7.4 5 750 6.3 6 500 4.8 7 250 2.2 8 0 -2.0 Why is net photosynthesis negative when PPFD is zero? Looking at the respiration data from Interpret the Data in Chapter 7, at what temperature do you think these data were collected? Source: Data based on unpublished research by Brent Ewers, University of Wyoming.
There are some similarities and some differences between the citric acid cycle in the mitochondrion and the Calvin cycle in photosynthesis. Which of the following is NOT a true difference between the two cycles? Both involve CO2, but in the Calvin cycle CO2 is used brought into the process as a source of carbon for the sugar being built. In the Mitochondrion, CO2 is removed from the sugar and leaves the cell. In the Calvin cycle, ATP is used to carry chemical energy from the light reactions to the the Calvin cycle where the chemical energy is incorporated in the sugar molecule that is being manufactured. In the mitochondrion, ATP is produced and brought out of the mitochondrion so it can provide chemical energy to the many activities going on in the cytoplasm The first step in the Calvin cycle, the carboxylation of RuBP, produces a 12-carbon product that splits into two 6 carbon pieces. In the first step of the citric acid…
The high energy molecules that provide the energy to run the reactions of the Calvin cycle are ______________ and ________________. During the first step in the Calvin cycle, a molecule of carbon dioxide gas binds to a 5-carbon molecule called Ribulose 1,5-biphosphate (RuBP). This step of the Calvin cycle is called: ___________________________. After three carbon dioxide molecules have been fixed to three RuBP and the Calvin cycle completes one turn, the organic molecule that is produced is _______________________. Once two of the molecules from the previous blank have been produced, they can combine to make a single six-carbon __________________________ molecule.
Which two products of the light-dependent reactions are used up in the Calvin cycle? Rubisco adds a CO2 molecule to a sugar that contains _______ carbons. The reaction product immediately splits into two sugars that each contain _______ carbons. O2 can compete with CO2 for a place in the rubisco active site. As a consequenceO2 is incorporated into RuBP instead of CO2. Why might this be a disadvantage?
Which of the following statements about photosynthesis is NOT true? Light independent reactions are very similar to the electron transport chain of cellular respiration Light is absolutely essential for both aspects of photosynthesis In order replace electrons, water is split to form oxygen gas Light dependent reactions are very similar, but in reverse, to the Krebs cycle and glycolysis