Produceadiagramtoillustratethedifferenttypesofmoleculesfoundincells.Briefly describe their properties and functions within the cell. In a separate diagram, describe how carbohydrates, amino acids and triacylglycerides interact metabolically in the generation of energy in the form of ATP.

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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1A. Produceadiagramtoillustratethedifferenttypesofmoleculesfoundincells.Briefly describe their properties and functions within the cell. In a separate diagram, describe how carbohydrates, amino acids and triacylglycerides interact metabolically in the generation of energy in the form of ATP.

B. Mineralsandvitaminsareimportantnutritionalmoleculesbecausetheyfunctionas cofactors for critical enzymes in living systems. Without them, important biochemical reactions required for growth and tissue repair will not occur. Knowing this, explain the biochemical significance of folate and iron supplementation in pregnant women and women of reproductive age. Consider the effects of folate and iron deficiency as well.

 

2A. Thevalueofenzymesinlivingsystemsisthatwithoutthem,chemicalreactionsrequired for life to exist would not be possible under physiological conditions. On the basis of this, discuss how enzymes make life possible from a biochemical perspective. Include the following terms in your answer: activation energy barrier, rate of reaction, metabolic regulation, substrate specificity, spontaneity of reactions.

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Step 1 Introduction:

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1A. The different types of molecules found in cells are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar. Carbohydrates also have other important functions in humans, animals, and plants. Carbohydrates are classified into three subtypes monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. 

Step 3 Concept:

Lipids perform many different functions in a cell. Cells store energy for long-term use in the form of lipids called fats. They provide insulation from the environment for plants and animals. Lipids are also the building blocks of many hormones and are an important constituent of the plasma membrane. They include fats, oils, waxes, phospholipids, and steroids. 

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