Profits have been decreasing for several years at Pegasus Airlines. In an effort to improve the company's p thinking about dropping several flights that appear to be unprofitable. A typical income statement for one round-trip of one such flight (flight 482) is as follows:
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- Myrtle Air Express decided to offer direct service from Cleveland to Myrtle Beach. Management must decide between a full-price service using the companys new fleet of jet aircraft and a discount service using smaller-capacity commuter planes. It is clear that the best choice depends on the market reaction to the service Myrtle Air offers. Management developed estimates of the contribution to profit for each type of service based on two possible levels of demand for service to Myrtle Beach: strong and weak. The following table shows the estimated quarterly profits (in thousands of dollars): a. What is the decision to be made, what is the chance event, and what is the consequence for this problem? How many decision alternatives are there? How many outcomes are there for the chance event? b. If nothing is known about the probabilities of the chance outcomes, what is the recommended decision using the optimistic, conservative, and minimax regret approaches? c. Suppose that management of Myrtle Air Express believes that the probability of strong demand is 0.7 and the probability of weak demand is 0.3. Use the expected value approach to determine an optimal decision. d. Suppose that the probability of strong demand is 0.8 and the probability of weak demand is 0.2. What is the optimal decision using the expected value approach? e. Use sensitivity analysis to determine the range of demand probabilities for which each of the decision alternatives has the largest expected value.Youngstown Construction plans to discontinue its rooting segment. Last year, this segment generated a contribution margin of $65.000 and incurred $70.000 in fixed costs. Discontinuing the segment will allow the company to avoid half of the fixed costs. What effect is expected to occur to the companys overall profit? A. a decrease of $5,000 B. a decrease of $30,000 C. a decrease of $5,000 D. an increase of $30,000Poleski Manufacturing, which maintains the same level of inventory at the end of each year, provided the following information about expenses anticipated for next year: The selling price of Poleskis single product is 16. In recent years, profits have fallen and Poleskis management is now considering a number of alternatives. Poleski wants to have a net income next year of 250,000, but expects to sell only 120,000 units unless some changes are made. The president of Poleski has asked you to calculate the companys projected net income (assuming 120,000 units are sold) and the sales needed to achieve the companys net income objective for next year. Also, compute Poleskis contribution margin per unit, contribution margin ratio, and break-even point for next year. The worksheet CVP has been provided to assist you. Note that the data from the problem have already been entered into the Data Section of the worksheet.
- Danna Martin, president of Mays Electronics, was concerned about the end-of-the year marketing report that she had just received. According to Larry Savage, marketing manager, a price decrease for the coming year was again needed to maintain the companys annual sales volume of integrated circuit boards (CBs). This would make a bad situation worse. The current selling price of 18 per unit was producing a 2-per-unit profithalf the customary 4-per-unit profit. Foreign competitors kept reducing their prices. To match the latest reduction would reduce the price from 18 to 14. This would put the price below the cost to produce and sell it. How could these firms sell for such a low price? Determined to find out if there were problems with the companys operations, Danna decided to hire a consultant to evaluate the way in which the CBs were produced and sold. After two weeks, the consultant had identified the following activities and costs: The consultant indicated that some preliminary activity analysis shows that per-unit costs can be reduced by at least 7. Since the marketing manager had indicated that the market share (sales volume) for the boards could be increased by 50% if the price could be reduced to 12, Danna became quite excited. Required: 1. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION What is activity-based management? What phases of activity analysis did the consultant provide? What else remains to be done? 2. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Identify as many nonvalue-added costs as possible. Compute the cost savings per unit that would be realized if these costs were eliminated. Was the consultant correct in the preliminary cost reduction assessment? Discuss actions that the company can take to reduce or eliminate the nonvalue-added activities. 3. Compute the unit cost required to maintain current market share, while earning a profit of 4 per unit. Now compute the unit cost required to expand sales by 50%, assuming a per-unit profit of 4. How much cost reduction would be required to achieve each unit cost? 4. Assume that further activity analysis revealed the following: switching to automated insertion would save 60,000 of engineering support and 90,000 of direct labor. Now, what is the total potential cost reduction per unit available from activity analysis? With these additional reductions, can Mays achieve the unit cost to maintain current sales? To increase it by 50%? What form of activity analysis is this: reduction, sharing, elimination, or selection? 5. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Calculate income based on current sales, prices, and costs. Then calculate the income by using a 14 price and a 12 price, assuming that the maximum cost reduction possible is achieved (including Requirement 4s reduction). What price should be selected?Profits have been decreasing for several years at Pegasus Airlines. In an effort to improve the company’s performance, the company is thinking about dropping several flights that appear to be unprofitable. A typical income statement for one round-trip of one such flight (flight 482) is as follows: Ticket revenue (170 seats × 40% occupancy × $210 ticket price) $ 14,280 100.0% Variable expenses ($19.00 per person) 1,292 9 Contribution margin 12,988 91% Flight expenses: Salaries, flight crew $ 1,600 Flight promotion 790 Depreciation of aircraft 1,750 Fuel for aircraft 5,100 Liability insurance 4,800 Salaries, flight assistants 1,300 Baggage loading and flight preparation 1,900 Overnight costs for flight crew and assistants at destination 600 Total flight expenses 17,840 Net operating loss $ (4,852) The following additional information is available about flight 482: Members of the flight crew are paid fixed annual salaries,…Profits have been decreasing for several years at Pegasus Airlines. In an effort to improve the company’s performance, the company is thinking about dropping several flights that appear to be unprofitable. A typical income statement for one round-trip of one such flight (flight 482) is as follows: Ticket revenue (175 seats × 40% occupancy × $240 ticket price) $ 16,800 100.0 % Variable expenses ($18.00 per person) 1,260 7.5 Contribution margin 15,540 92.5 % Flight expenses: Salaries, flight crew $ 2,000 Flight promotion 790 Depreciation of aircraft 1,700 Fuel for aircraft 5,500 Liability insurance 5,100 Salaries, flight assistants 1,300 Baggage loading and flight preparation 1,950 Overnight costs for flight crew and assistants at destination 500 Total flight expenses 18,840 Net operating loss $ (3,300 ) The…
- Profits have been decreasing for several years at Pegasus Airlines. In an effort to improve the company’s performance, the company is thinking about dropping several flights that appear to be unprofitable. A typical income statement for one round-trip of one such flight (flight 482) is as follows: Ticket revenue (165 seats × 40% occupancy × $220 ticket price)$ 14,520100.0%Variable expenses ($20.00 per person)1,3209.1Contribution margin13,20090.9%Flight expenses: Salaries, flight crew$ 1,800 Flight promotion760 Depreciation of aircraft1,800 Fuel for aircraft5,400 Liability insurance5,100 Salaries, flight assistants1,200 Baggage loading and flight preparation1,750 Overnight costs for flight crew and assistants at destination700 Total flight expenses18,510 Net operating loss$ (5,310) The following additional information is available about flight 482: Members of the flight crew are paid fixed annual salaries, whereas the flight assistants are paid based on the number of round trips…Profits have been decreasing for several years at Pegasus Airlines. In an effort to improve the company’s performance, consideration is being given to dropping several flights that appear to be unprofitable. A typical income statement for one such flight (Flight 482) follows:Ticket revenue (175 seats × 40% occupancy × $400 ticket price) $ 28,000 100.0%Less: Variable expenses ($15 per person) 2,100 7.5 Contribution margin 25,900 92.5%Less: Flight expenses: Salaries, flight crew 3,600 Flight promotion 1,500 Depreciation of aircraft 3,100 Fuel for aircraft 13,600 Liability insurance 8,400 Salaries, flight attendants 1,000 Baggage loading and flight preparation 3,400 Overnight costs for flight crew and attendants at destination 600Total flight expenses 35,200Net operating loss $ (9,300)The following additional information is available about Flight 482:a. Members of the flight crew are paid fixed annual salaries, whereas the…Dropping or Retaining a Flight Profits have been decreasing for several years at Pegasus Airlines. In an effort to improve the company’s performance, the company is thinking about dropping several flights that appear to be unprofitable. A typical income statement for one round-trip of one such flight (flight 482) is as follows: The following additional information is available about flight 482: a. Members of the flight crew are paid fixed annual salaries, whereas the flight assistants are paid based on the number of round trips they complete. b. One-third of the liability insurance is a special charge assessed against flight 482 because in the opinion of the insurance company, the destination of the flight is in a “high-risk” area. The remaining two-thirds would be unaffected by a decision to drop flight 482. c. The baggage loading and flight preparation expense is an allocation of ground crews’ salaries and depreciation of ground equipment. Dropping flight 482 would have no effect on…
- PEM, Incorporated, is experiencing financial difficulty due to erratic sales of its only product, a high-capacity battery for laptop computers. The company’s contribution format income statement for the most recent month is given below: Sales (13,000 units × $20 per unit) $ 260,000 Variable expenses 156,000 Contribution margin 104,000 Fixed expenses 116,000 Net operating loss $ (12,000) The sales manager is convinced that a 10% reduction in the selling price, combined with an increase of $33,000 in the monthly advertising budget, will double unit sales. If the sales manager is right, what will be the revised net operating income (loss)?Scott Incorporated has been in business for several months. Because of increased competition in the region for part adapters, the managers at Scott Incorporated is considering cutting sales price from $26 per adapter to $22 per adapter. New sales price - $22 Variable price per adapter - $17 New contribution margin per adapter - $5 If the variable expenses remain at $17 per adapter and the fixed expenses remain at $7,000, how many adapters will the managers need to sell to break even? Compute the breakeven sales in units.Paul Company is contemplating to close the operations of the club Due to heavy rains brought by La Niña, the expected demand of the club was reduced, which is expected to last for six (6) months. Assume the typical monthly operating revenues and costs of the club operations of Paul Company: Selling price per membership P400 Variable costs per membership 270 Contribution margin 130 Fixed costs per month P150,000 Fixed costs avoided if stop operations 70,000 Additional costs during the shutdown period for six (6) months 40,000 Estimated restarting costs 100,000 If it continues operating, the company will be forced to reduce the membership selling price by 12.50%. Determine the shutdown Determine the shutdown Determine the shutdown If the demand of the club is 3,600 memberships, should the company shut down or continue operations? Justify your answer.