Proline has a low frequency of occurrence in B-sheets, why?

Q: A chromosome from a multicellular slime mold called purple oblex (Plasmodiophora oblexii) is 13%…

A: Chargaff’s rule is used in such calculation for determining the percentage of the DNA bases that…

Q: Why pineapple is considered C4 plant?

A: Pineapples carry special type of photosynthesis called as Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM). This…

Q: HIV requires an enzyme called ______________ to convert its RNA genome to a DNA version. Why is this…

A: Human Immunodeficiency Virus attacks the body’s immune system threatening life with opportunistic…

Q: Is covid still deadly

A: Corona virus are large family of viruses, that are known to cause illness ranging from the common…

Q: Are the HIV-1 protease inhibitors transition state analogs? Why or why not?

A: A drug that resembles the substrate portion of transition state of a reaction normally catalyzed by…

Q: If an E. coli strain contains lambda prophage, which of the following proteins you would most likely…

A: DNA and RNA are polynucleotides that are composed of a chain of nucleotide monomers with distinct…

Q: What is another name for penicillin binding protein?

A: Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) are bacterial proteins, which bind to β-lactam class penicillin…

Q: How can I use my knowledge in research to maintain the school covid-19 free?

A: Coronaviruses are a group of RNA viruses that cause diseases in mammals and birds which resembles…

Q: What do you mean by lysozyme gene?

A: Lysozyme gene is a protein coding gene.

Q: Where in nature can lysozyme be found? Why is it produced in these environments?

A: Lysozyme is an antimicrobial enzyme and is also called as N-acetylmuramide glycanhydrolase. This…

Q: What do you mean by immunofluorescence

A: Antibodies are immunoglobulins produced in response to antigenic stimulation. They may either bound…

Q: Imagine that you are a student in Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase’s lab in the late 1940s. You are…

A: The bacteriophage is a type of virus that infects the bacterial cell. The bacteriophage is made up…

Q: The transfection reagent used to introduce plasmids to the HEK293 cells was a lipid reagent. Why is…

A: Transfection is the incorporation of DNA, RNA, or proteins in to the eukaryotic cells for the…

Q: Agrobacterium tumefaciens contains ------ plasmid inducing tumor in plants. Which of the following…

A: Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a bacteria which belongs to family Rizobiaceae.it is a rod shaped gram…

Q: What is Proteolytic Cleavage?

A: BASIC INFORMATION PROTEINS  These are formed by the different amino acids. These amino acids are of…

Q: Table 2. DNA Sequence 2 from Lactose-Tolerant and -Intolerant Individual Individual Phenotype…

A: Introduction:- Chromosome usually represent the long chain DNA molecules that have the genetic…

Q: Rarely, the conjugation of Hfr and F− cells produces two Hfr cells. Explain how this event takes…

A: The conjugation is the process of transfer of DNA from one donor bacterium to a recipient bacterium.…

Q: What is Folate Trap ? Explain the importance of Folate Trap ?

A: In a human body due to deficiency of vitamin B12 folic acid is rendered inactive this phenomenon is…

Q: How does UV light affect the hydrogen bonds between Thymine and Adenine?  If UV light is harmful to…

A: Ultraviolet light is a form of radiation that is not visible to the human eye. It's in an invisible…

Q: Why would attaching an enediyne- containing molecule to an antibody be an attractive way to treat…

A: Enediynes are organic compounds that contain antitumor antibiotics. It contains two triple bonds and…

Q: How can you fight the covid-19 using this FITT Principle?

A: FITT principle abbreviates as frequency, intensity, time and type.

Q: Why are proteins synthesized from Spirulina called Single celled Proteins? What is the significance…

A: Single-cell proteins are the proteins that are edible and are derived from single-celled organisms.…

Q: what is the form, elevation, margin and colony color of this streak plate result?

A: The streak plate method is used for the isolation of the pure culture of organisms from mixed…

Q: Certian bacterial species have outer layers composed of polymers made of D-amino acids. Immune…

A: Introduction The bacterial cell wall is composed of alternating N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG) and…

Q: which gene is mutated in type la maple syrup urine disease?

A: Maple syrup urine disease is associated with problems with feeding, vomiting, low energy levels in…

Q: Why can protease inhibitors and nucleoside analogs be used in minimizing the replication of the HIV…

A: Protease is an enzyme in the body that's important for HIV replication

Q: What makes lysozyme and penicillin similar? How are they different?

A: Lysozyme is an enzyme that is directed by a DNA code. Penicillin is a moderate size chemical…

Q: Table 2. DNA Sequence 2 from Lactose-Tolerant and -Intolerant Individual Individual A IV-3 Phenotype…

A: Chromosomes are the rod shaped, dark stained bodies which are most prominently seen in the metaphase…

Q: Why is it advantageous to tropical plants to use the C4 rather than the C3 fixation pathway?

A: C3 and C4 are two methods of carbon dioxide fixation. In C3 plant, carbon dioxide is accepted by…

Q: Why was an SDS-PAGE gel used when working with a protein as opposed to an agarose gel? What dye was…

A: SDS PAGE, abbreviation of Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis is a laboratory…

Q: how does wearing mask helps students to stop the spread of covid 19? and What can you advice to your…

A: Covid 19 is a life threatening viral disease that is caused by SARS-COV II virus. As it is a viral…

Q: What is spliceopathies.

A: A portion in mRNA that codes for protein is termed as exon. The non-coding region is termed as…

Q: In the SIR equation for Infectious hosts, why is the term "- vl" negative?

A: The SIR equation is a mathematical model to study epidemics. Consider the system below. S →β[S][I] I…

Q: What would happen if there is no plasmid?

A: Plasmids are extrachromosomal and self-replicating closed circular DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)…

Q: what makes a prion so strong that it becomes difficult to destroy it even under high temperature?

A: Prion are mis-folded proteins, that make virus-like microorganisms called Prions. These proteins…

Q: You are studying a type of bacteria isolated from the acidic water runoff of a mining operation. You…

A: Introduction Blotting procedures are used to transfer nucleic acids from gels to membranes for…

Q: E. coli cells which are mutant for the y gene cannot accumulate ? in large.enough amounts to use it…

A: Option B - Lactose

Q: What is the main difference between SPME and u- SPE?

A: Note - we answer one question at a time.   Solid-phase micro-extraction is an extraction process for…

Q: If a particular disease occurs in humans in occasional, iso-lated, sporadic cases, but most of the…

A: Reservoir plays a very important role in the spread of the disease.  Sporadic refers to a disease…

Q: Name a nucleoside analog. Explain how that nucleoside analog works. Which viruses are effectively…

A: Nucleoside analogues are nucleosides that contain a sugar and a nucleic acid counterpart. Nucleoside…

Q: Why are proteins synthesised from spirulina called single cell anemia?

A: Single-cell proteins are the proteins that are edible and are derived from single-celled organisms.…

Q: What does penicillin binding protein do?

A: Penicillins are the secondary metabolites produced by the bacteria which is used as an antibiotic.…

Q: b. Cleavage with chymotrypsin produces the following fragments: Band A: CN , NLQY, GIVEQCCHKRSEY…

A: The polypeptide is formed from the process of translation, during which a long chain of amino acids…

Q: Why is EF-Tu so important in E. coli?

A: Ef- Tu directs the next tRNA to its connects position in ribosomes

Q: Explain what is TFIID ?

A: Transcription initiation requires the binding of RNA polymerase enzyme as well as associated…

Q: Conjugation is sometimes called bacterial mating. Is it a form ofsexual reproduction? Explain.

A: Reproduction is the process of generating offsprings that are genetically or biologically similar to…

Q: True or False: Plasmids can ONLY be used in transforming bacterial cells.

A: Plasmid is small , circular double stranded DNA that is different from chromosomal DNA of cell.…

Q: Conjugation between an Hfr cell and F- cell does not usually result in conversion of exconjugants to…

A: The conjugation is the process of transfer of DNA from one donor bacterium to a recipient bacterium.…

Q: Making a series of dilutions, you transfer 40 ul (microliters) from a Bacteriophage-T4 stock to 4 ml…

A: Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. When the bacteriophages are added to the bacterial…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.