public good. Each individual has an identical preference about the mosquito control, given by MB = 50-G, where MB is their marginal benefit from mosquito control and G is the quantity of mosquito control. If the cost of mosquito control is $250 per unit then the socially optimal level of mosquito control is units. (Answe up to 2 decimal places.)
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- From an economic viewpoint, the optimal amount of pollution a. is zero because all pollution imposes costs on society. b. is that amount firms create when they maximize economic profits by setting their marginal private costs equal to market price. c. is that amount where the marginal social costs of producing a good precisely equals the price of the good. d. Both answers b. and c. are correct.The population of Outbacktown is 1,000 people. Each of them has a marginal benefit curve for fireworks given by:MB = 10 − 2Q dollars, where Q is the number of minutes of the fireworks display. The marginal cost is constant, each extra minute costs 5,000 dollars; thus MC = 5,000. Outbacktown is sparsely populated, and the terrain is very flat, so it is fairly safe to assume that fireworks over there are both nonrival and nonexcludable. Obtain the optimal number of minutes that the show should last. What is the Lindahl price for each individual Now suppose that the usual provider is unavailable to offer the firework display this year and the major has to go with a new provider, Mr. Smoke. Fortunately, Mr. Smoke’s marginal cost is the same as the usual provider. However, the environmental quality of Mr. Smoke’s display is not that great; it generates a negative externality in the health of the population that has been estimated to be 2 dollars per each minute of the…A group of 100 residents in a small community have decided to pay for a local police force. Each resident has the same marginal valuation schedule for intensity of police protection per day which is defined in terms of the number of police officers on duty Q as MV (Q) = 30 - 4Q. The protection is a public good and it costs $200 per police officer per day. (a) What number of police officers is efficient? (b) Explain why this level of protection might not be provided in a competitive market.
- There are two consumers of mosquito abatement (a public good), Dave and Lilly. Dave’s benefit from mosquito abatement is given by ??? = 100 − ?, where Q is the quantity of mosquito abatement. Lilly’s benefit is given by ??? = 60 − ?.a. Calculate the total marginal benefit, ???.b. Suppose that mosquito abatement can be provided at a marginal cost of ?? = 2?. Find the socially optimal level of abatement. c. If mosquito abatement is privately supplied, what quantity will be supplied by Dave, and what quantity will be supplied by Lilly? Briefly explain.Public Goods. Suppose a neighborhood in Segovia’s central business area is deciding how many fountains they want to see in the main avenue. There is a first group of 20 neighbors and each has a demand Q = 20 − P for fountains. There is a second group of 5 people, and each has a demand Q = 20 − 2P for fountains. The cost of building each fountain is 225. How many fountains are socially optimal? Fountains are public goods. Hint: To obtain the SMB, please first transform the demand functions into “public goods’ valuations” (“isolate P”) and then multiply them by the amount of neighbors per group. Then you can proceed with the vertical summation.Scenario 3 Suppose there are one hundred residents in a neighborhood, and each resident has an identical demand for a public good. The demand for each resident is given by P = 2 - .01Q. If your answer is not a whole number, please make sure to round to the nearest hundredth. Refer to Scenario 3. What is the socially optimal number of the public good if the marginal cost of producing them is $100, $5 and $300?
- Consider the market for flu vaccines, in which consumption causes positive externalities by creating herd immunity. Quantity supplied is given by Qs=2+2*P Marginal Private Benefit (determines individual demand of consumers of the vaccine i.e. the benefit from not getting sick) is given by Qd=60.5-2.5*MBP. Marginal Social Costs (MPC plus the benefits of externalities) is given by Qd=69.5-2.5*MSB. Plot these 3 curves on a graph with 6 points at P=11,12,13,14,15,16. What is the deadweight loss if only free-market forces are at play (i.e. externalities are not considered by the consumers)? How much should the subsidy be to bring the market to efficient equilibrium?Imagine any number of visitors can enter Umstead Park at no charge. The value of a trip (V) as a function of the number of visitors (N) is: V = 52 − 4N. The marginal value (MV) of a trip is: MV = 52 − 8N. Each visitor's travel costs to the park (C) are $4. If the park was managed in a way that only the socially efficient # of visitors enter, the value of a trip would be ____.Consider the market for trees in a public park. These trees are a public good that give benefits to multiple groups of people, as described below. Each Marginal Willingness to Pay curve represents the aggregation of all the individuals in that group, and those groups make decisions collectively. Additionally, the cost of planting trees is given. Consider Q to be the number of trees in the park. Note that no one is ever worse off from additional trees. Arborists: MWTP = 2000 – 5Q Total WTP = 2000Q - 2.5Q2 Environmentalists: MWTP = 1500 – 10Q Total WTP = 1500Q – 5Q2 Casual Park Visitors: MWTP = 800 – 10Q Total WTP = 800Q – 5Q2 Park Haters: MWTP = 500 – 50Q Total WTP = 500Q – 25Q2 MC = 1400 Total Cost = 1400Q (a) If the government does not intervene into the market, how many trees will be planted? (b) What is the socially…
- For public goods such as bus service, sewage services, power grids,water systems, roads, vaccines, education, law and order, reliableknowledge, and many others, the marginal cost of providing anamount q, MC(q), is positive but decreasing. Suppose that thedemand curve for the good is D(q), i.e. D(q) is societal willingnessto pay for the marginal unit of the public good at level q, D(q) 0and D0(q) < 0. This problem asks you to compare several methodsof deciding how much q to provide.(a) Produce using the competitive rule, p = MC(q). The solutionis denoted qcomp ∗ .(b) Produce as a Monopolist, i.e. solvemaxq≥0 qD(q) - C(q):The solution is denoted qMon ∗ .(c) Produce so as to maximize social surplus from the industry, i.e.solve the problemmaxq≥0 [CS(q) + qD(q)] - C(q);where CS(q) = R0q[D(x) - D(q)] dx is consumer surplus. Thesolution is denoted qISS ∗ .(d) Produce so as to maximize the total social surplus, i.e. solve theproblemmaxq≥0 [B(q) + CS(q) + qD(q)] - C(q);Pareto-optimality can theoretically be achieved, even in the presence of negative externalities, by setting a tax at the correct level. is it true or falseWhat does Coase mean by "the reciprocal nature" of the problem of negative externalities? the avoidance of harm done by one party causes harm to that party all people hurt all other people people take turns hurting each other