Q1: Consider a wall heated by convection on one side and cooled by convec on the other side. Show that the heat-transfer rate through the wall is T1-T2 1/h A+Ax/kA + 1/h2A
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- 7.43 Liquid sodium is to be heated from 500 K to 600 K by passing it at a flow rate of 5.0 kg/s through a 5-cmID tube whose surface is maintained at 620 K. What length of tube is required?A mild-steel cylindrical billet 25 cm in diameter is to be raised to a minimum temperature of 760C by passing it through a 6-m long strip-type furnace. If the furnace gases are at 1538C and the overall heat transfer coefficient on the outside of the billet is 68W/m2K, determine the maximum speed at which a continuous billet entering at 204C can travel through the furnace.2. A large sheet of glass 2” thick is initially at 300oF throughout. It is plunged into a stream of running water having a temperature of 60oF. How long will it take to cool the glass to an average temperature of 100oF. For glass k = 0.40BTU/ft-hroF, ρ = 155 lb/ft3 and Cp = 0.20 BTU/lboF.
- A pure copper cube 3 cm on each side is placed in a 15°C stream of water.If the initial temperature of the cube is initially at 215°C, how long does it take the cube to drop to 25°C? The convective heat transfer coefficient is 80W/m2∙K. Justify any assumptions.An average man has abody surface area of 1.8m2 and a skin temperature of 33degrees celcius .The convection heat transfer coefficient for a clothed person walking in still air is expressed as {h,8.6V^0.53}FOR 0.5<v<2m/s,where V is the walking velocityin m/s.Assuming the average surface temperature of the clothed person to be 30degrees celcius, determine the rate of heat loss from an average man walking in still air at 10degrees celcius by convectionat a walking velocity of (a)0.5m/s (b)1.0m/s (c)1.5m/s (d)2.0m/sThe boiling temperature of nitrogen at atmosphericpressure at sea level (1 atm) is -196°C. Therefore, nitrogenis commonly used in low-temperature scientific studies sincethe temperature of liquid nitrogen in a tank open to the atmosphereremains constant at -196°C until the liquid nitrogen inthe tank is depleted. Any heat transfer to the tank results inthe evaporation of some liquid nitrogen, which has a heatof vaporization of 198 kJ/kg and a density of 810 kg/m3 at1 atm.Consider a 4-m-diameter spherical tank initially filledwith liquid nitrogen at 1 atm and -196°C. The tank isexposed to 20°C ambient air with a heat transfer coefficientof 25 W/m2·K. The temperature of the thin-shelled sphericaltank is observed to be almost the same as the temperatureof the nitrogen inside. Disregarding any radiation heatexchange, determine the rate of evaporation of the liquidnitrogen in the tank as a result of the heat transfer from theambient air.
- Water flows at a rate of 0.8 kg /s in a 2.5 -cm diameter tube whose surface is maintained at a constant temperature of 90°C. If water must be heated from 35°C to 40°C, what is the value of the temperature on which you will base the value of the thermal conductivity that will be used to compute for the convection heat transfer coefficient? Express in Celsus.Water is heated at a rate of 10 kg/s from a temperature of 15°C to 35°C by passing it through five identical tubes, each 5.0 cm in diameter, whose surface temperature is 60.0°C. Estimate (a) the steady rate of heat transfer and (b) the length of tubes necessary to accomplish this task.Water is entering a heated tube at mass ow rate of 1.2 kg/s. The temperature at the inlet is 20 C and at the outlet is 80 C. Assume the surface temperature of the tube is 100 C. The convection coe cient of the water ow is 28 W=m2 C. The speci c heat and density of water can be assumed to be 4180 J=kg C and 990 kg=m3. What is the rate of heat transfer to water during this proces
- Oil flow in journal bearing can be approximated as parallel flow between two large plates with one plate moving and the other stationary. Determine the velocity, temperature distributions, the maximum temperature, the rate of heat transfer and the mechanical power wasted in oil. Take properties of oil at 50°C are given to be, k=0.17W/m. K, and u=0.05N.s/m2.For air flow at a constant wall temperature of 100 ◦C and average bulk temperature of 40 ◦C through a 4-cm-ID pipe, determine the value of average convection coefficient for an inlet velocity of 0.8 m/s if the pipe length is (i) 1 m, (ii) 3 m, (iii) 10 m.Consider the flow of oil at 20oC in a 40-cm-diameter pipeline at an average velocity of 0.5 m/s. A 300-m-long section of the pipeline passes through icy waters of a lake at 0°C. Measurements indicate that the surface temperature of the pipe is very nearly 0°C. Disregarding the thermal resistance of the pipe material, determine the temperature of the oil when the pipe leaves the lake, and the rate of heat transfer from the oil ρ=893.5 kg/m3 Cp=1838 J/kgoC, k=0.146W/m ̊C, Pr=28750, V = 259,1x10-5 m2/s