Q2. RSA Alice starts the RSA, with key generation. She selects p-19 but she is confused with the second choice. Should she choose 17 or 21 for q? Q2.7 Bob wants to encrypt M= 22. Help him Show your work: Q2.Alice decrypts C= . Help her Show your work:
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- Alice wants to send to all her friends, including Bob, a message using the RSA cryptosystem. She chooses secret primes p= 23, q = 31 and computes n = pq. (a) What is the smallest encryption key e > 1 that Alice can choose? What is the corresponding decryption key d? (b) What is the encryption of the message m = e you found in part (a)? 4 using the encryption key e= d= The encrypted message isBob's El Gamal prime number is p=907 and his secret key is a=16. Alice has encrypted x=13 for sending to Bob and her ciphertext is (37,♦). What is ♦ (mod p)? Select one: a. 512 b. 418 c. 253 d. 96 e. 419I want Examples on el gamal cipher i want 2 Examples like this Example of ElGamal encryption Alice chooses pA = 107, α A = 2, dA = 67, and she computes β A = 267 ≡ 94 (mod 107). Her public key is ( pA, α A, β A) = (2,67,94), and her private key is dA = 67. Bob wants to send the message "B" (66 in ASCII) to Alice. He chooses a random integer k = 45 and encrypts M = 66 as (r, t) = ( αA k , βA kM) ≡ (245, 944566) ≡ (28, 9) (mod 107). He sends the encrypted message (28, 9) to Alice. Alice receives the message ( r, t) = (28, 9), and using her private key dA = 67 she decrypts to tr−dA = 9⋅28−67 ≡ 9⋅28106−67 ≡ 9⋅43 ≡ 66 (mod 107)
- Suppose your RSA public key is PK: {n, e} = {13861, 37}. Your friend sends you a ciphertext C = 9908. But unfortunately you have forgotten your private key, now you have to crack it yourself.a) Write down a possible condition of factors p and q.p= q=b) What is your private key SK: {d}?d=c) What is the plaintext of your friend’s message?The plaintext M =d) Suppose the plaintext M is a 12-digit number consisting of a prefix “19” and 1234567890. What is the corresponding ciphertext? Since M is greater than n, you only need to encrypt four digits at a time. Ignore redundant zeros. e.g., 0001 = 1. The result should contain three integers.The ciphertext C0 =Alice wants to securely send Bob an arbitrary numberM from the set {0, 1, . . . , N − 1} for some positive integer N. She wants to have ascheme with perfect secrecy. She heard of the One Time Pad (OTP), but OTP isfor bitstrings, not numbers. She decides to use the following scheme. The key spaceis {0, 1, . . . , N − 1}. A ciphertext C for M is computed as (M + K) mod N anddecryption performs (C − K) mod N.Prove that this scheme is perfectly secureIn a public key, cryptosystem using RSA algorithm, user uses two prime numbers 5 and 7. He chooses 11 as Encryption key, find out decryption key. What will be the cipher text, if the plaintext is 2? Decrypt the cipher text, what will be the value of plain text?
- Bob has sent his secret number m to Alice via secure RSA encryption. Break his ciphertext to find m. To factorize the number N, you can use the program. Alice's public key (e, N) = (17, 29329): Bob's ciphertext c = 16469When Alice sends one Bitcoin to Bob, which of the following information does she Not need? Alice’s secret key (or it’s hash) Alice’s public key (or it’s hash) Bob’s secret key (or it’s hash) Bob’s public key (or it’s hash)Bob chooses p = 11 and e1 = 2 and d = 3 e2 = e1dn= 8, so the public keys are [2, 8 .11]and the private keys is 3. Alice chooses r = 4 and calculates C1 and C2 for the plaintext 7.
- Let's assume that Bob and Alice share a secret key in a symmetric key system. Bob wishes tobegin a conversation with Alice, and sends her a message that essentially says "let's talk". Aliceis suspicious that the person contacting her might not be Bob, so Alice generates a single-userandom number (a nonce) and sends it to Bob. Bob encrypts the nonce with the secret key heshares with Alice and sends it back. Alice decrypts this message and retrieves the same nonceshe sent to Bob. Which of the following is true, provided the secret key K has not been compromised?Alice wants to generate her own set of RSA keys using the prime numbers p=7 and q=11. Which of the following is a permissible value for the number e for her to form her private key (n,e)? a. 7 b. 79 c. 45 d. 80You are given the following parameters in RSA cryptosystem: p = 11, q = 13, e = 13 a) Find the integer d. b) List down the public key and private key. You need to encrypt the plaintext message, M = OF. c) Convert this message to value according to ASCII table. To encrypt this message, you can either combine the value, or separate it into the blocks of 2 digits (Hint: it must satisfy the condition M < n). d) Encrypt and decrypt the message OF. e) If the decimal value (not character) of ciphertext is 188267, decrypt this value and convert it to an appropriate message according to the ASCII table.