QUESTION 1 In the equilibrium small open-economy model, suppose that total factor productivity increases temporarily. Required: a) If the exchange rate is flexible, determine the effects on aggregate output, absorption, the current account surplus, the nominal exchange rate, and the price level b) Repeat part (a) for the case of a fixed exchange rate. If the goal of the domestic govemment is to stabilize the price level, would it be preferable to have a fixed exchange rate or a flexible exchange rate regime when there is a change in total factor productivity?
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- Q.1.10 Which of the following statements is correct? (2)(1) When a British firm invests in a bicycle manufacturing facility in South Africa,the amount concerned is entered as an inflow on the current account of theSouth African balance of payments.(2) When someone purchases a second‐hand car, the transaction is included inthe calculation of GDP in the year the sale took place.(3) A deficit on the current account of the balance of payments indicates thatthe country exported more than it imported during the period in question.(4) In the base year, the value of nominal GDP is equal to the value of real GDP.Suppose, in the New Keynesian open economy model, that there is a negative shock in future total factor productivitv and there are no capital controls. a) Under a flexible exchange rate, what are the equilibrium effects? b) Now suppose that there is a fixed exchange rate. Repeat part(a)QUESTION 2Consider a country with a flexible exchange rate. If the central bank of this country raises its interest rate by 0.5%-points, whereas observers had anticipated an increase of only 0.25%-points, one can expect that: Bond prices and stock prices rise, the country’s currency depreciatesBond prices rise, stock prices fall, the country’s currency appreciatesBond prices fall, stock prices rise, the country’s currency depreciatesBond prices and stock prices fall, the country’s currency appreciates
- Suppose that Argentina's dollar-denominated external assets and liabilities are $10 billion and $100 billion, respectively, and its Argentine peso-denominated external assets are 70 billion pesos (P) and peso-denominated external liabilities are 50 billion pesos (P). Suppose further that Argentina fixes its exchange rate at P1.5 = $US1. a) What is the peso value of Argentina's total external wealth? Is it a net debtor or creditor? b) Suppose that Argentina changes its exchange rate to P2.3 = $US1. How does the external wealth of Argentina change when this occurs?1. What explains how the dollars per euro exchange rate will change in the future if the exchange rate is wxpected to rise. 2. What is addressed by the USMCA? 3. Country A has a GDP of 60,000,000 and country B has a per capita of 2,000. If the populations of countries a and b are 40,000 and 20,000 respectively, which country is most developed based on per capita GDP? 4. how can a difference in Gini coefficients for the United States and china be interpreted 5. which of the following trends have followed globalization?a. Describe what is happening to the country’s capital account of the balance of payments prior to government changing its tack on supporting the value of the currency? Which items in the capital account are likely to change and how will they change? b. What is likely to happen to the country’s real exchange rate initially and after the government changes its policy stance with respect to supporting the currency? Please justify your answer. c. What happens to the current account balance right after the oil price shock and after the government stops supporting the currency? What items of the current account are likely to change and why? d. How is the market for non-tradables in the domestic economy affected in these two stages?
- Divide the economy into two sectors: tradable (T) and non-tradable (NT). Both sectors can be described by "normal" production functions that depend on labor (L) and capital (K). If the tradable sector (T) is more capital intensive (K),a. Show on the planes (L vs. K) and (T vs. NT) the effects of the fall in the real exchange rate on relative prices and production incentives.b. What consequences would a global labor-saving technical change bring?c. Suppose that a gift is received from abroad and there are no changes in the price of tradable goods (??) or non-tradable goods (???). Come up with an explanation. Graph and explain rigorously.Assume that the 3-year annualized interest rate in the United States is 9 percent and the 3-year annualized interest rate in Mexico is 6 percent. Assume interest rate parity holds for a 3-year horizon. The spot rate of the Mexican peso is $0.1206. If the forward rate is used to forecast exchange rates, what will be the forecast for the peso's spot rate in 3 years? What percentage appreciation or depreciation does this forecast imply over the 3-year period? USA is the home country.Discuss the drawbacks of primary-sector-intensive outward-looking trade policies. How didthe Prebisch-Singer hypothesis critique such policies and support the implementation of importsubstitution industrialization (ISI) strategies? Also discuss the similarities and differencesbetween export-oriented industrialization strategies versus ISI. Which of these policies would beassisted by an undervalued exchange rate? Explain .
- Open Economy in the Short Run and The Medium Run Indonesia’s equilibrium condition of goods and services market can be expressed by the following equation: Y = C(Y – T) + I(Y, r) + G – IM(Y, ε)/ ε + X(Y*, ε) where: Y=domestic output; Y*= foreign output; C= consumption; T=tax; I=investment; r=real interest rate; G=government spending, ε = Real Exchange Rate. If it is assumed that the Marshall–Lerner condition holds. Explain in words the effects of a depreciation of Rupiah (domestic currency) on Indonesia’s: export, import, trade balance, and output!1) Mundell – Fleming modela) Assuming perfect capital mobility and flexible exchange rates, explain theimpact on the Irish economy of a decrease in interest rates in the U.S. In youranswer, clearly indicate the effect on income, rate of interest, balance ofpayments. (Show your answer with the help of an IS-LM-BP diagram andexplain the mechanisms. Consider Ireland a small open economy with flexibleexchange rates. b) Is Monetary and Fiscal policy effective in the case of question (a)? Explainwith graphs. c) Discuss the notion of unholy trinity.QUESTION 10Suppose there are two countries that are identical in every way with the following exception. Country A is pursuing a fixed exchange rate regime and country B is pursuing a flexible exchange rate regime. Suppose government spending in both countries rises by the same amount. Given this information, we know that: the change in output in A will be greater than in B. the change in output in B will be greater than in A. the change in output will be the same in both countries. the relative output effects are ambiguous.