QUESTION 1 In the two good specific factor model with diminishing returns to the factors the utility possibility frontier is a strictly decreasing and strictly concave function. True False QUESTION 2 A mobile factor is always some form of labour. O True False QUESTION 3 In the specific factor model in a market equilibrium the mobile factor's productivity must be the same for the production of all goods. True False QUESTION 4 Introducing free international trade in the specific factor model expands the set of feasible allocations in the world economy. O True O False
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- Assume we are in a Ricardian world, where there are 2 countries: Home and Foreign, 2 goods: x and y, and one factor of production: Labor(L). The labor unit requirements for production of each good and the aggregate labor supply in each country are given as follows: Home country: ax= 4, ay= 3, L= 2400 Foreign country: a*x= 10, a*y= 6, L= 3000 a) What is the opportunity cost of x in terms of y in Home and Foreign? b) Who has the absolute advantage in which good? c) Who has the comparative advantage in which good? d) If there is no trade between Home and Foreign, what will the relative price of x in terms of y be in each country?Increases in the amount of human capital in theeconomy tend to _________ real incomes becausethey increase the _________ of labor.a. increase; bargaining powerb. increase; productivityc. decrease; bargaining powerd. decrease; productivitySuppose that there are two sectors in the economy the first sector employsskilled labor and unskilled labor for production while the second sector employs unskilled labor and land for production. The only mobile factor is unskilled labor and in the short run, skill accumulation is not feasible. All factors are constant in size and there is no unemployment for any factor. -Explain about change in income distribution after trade liberalization ifthe price for the first good increases after opening up to trade while the pricefor the second good stays fixed?
- . Ricardian Model. Consider two countries: A and B. Labour is the only factor of production for goods X and Y. Consider the following matrix of unit labour requirements. X Y Labor Endowments Country A aLx = 8 aLy = 4 240 Country B aLx* = 6 aLy* = 2 120 Which country has an absolute advantage in producing good X? Good Y? Which country has comparative advantage in producing good X? What is the autarky relative price of good X for country A? For country B? Draw the world relative supply curve RS for good X. Label all the axes (relative price of good X on the vertical axis and world output of x relative to y on the horizontal axis) and the relevant points. Suppose that the world relative demand RD for good X is given by: (Px/Py) = 7 – 9 * ( ( Qx +Q*x) / (Qy + Q*y) ). With free trade: (i) What will be the equilibrium world relative price of good X be equal to? (ii) Calculate the equilibrium wage rate w in A relative to that…Why did most countries of Latin America follow inward-looking strategies after WWII? List th changes in the economic history of Latin America before WWII. Then list 3 of the components of import-substitution industrialization followed in the region and provide an example of a typical ISI business.Using the one factor Ricardian model concept and the unit labor requirements information in the table below, determine d) In what commodity production, foreign has a comparative advantage.Explain.e) Which country has an absolute advantage. Explainf) If PC is the price of Cheese and PW is the price of Wine, and PC = PW, thenWhat commodities will domestic specialize in?g) If PC is the price of Cheese and PW is the price of Wine, and PC = PW, thenwhat commodities will foreign specialize in?h) Using the comparative advantage information above, determine the commodity thatexported and imported by domestic and foreign respectively?i) If PC = PW or PC/PW = 1, what is the gain from trade obtaineddomestic and foreign if each country specializes inwhich production has a comparative advantage? Explain.j) If if PC = PW = $9, what is the wage relative to trade.Which country's workforce benefits from the trade?
- a. Describe (in symbols) the datum and variables of the economy. b. Express the definition of the Walrasian equilibrium for this economy using vector notation. c. Demonstrate that Walras’ Law holds as an identity (i.e., it will be valid with any set of prices). d. Demonstrate that if the markets for two commodities are in equilibrium, the third market must also be in equilibrium.Consider an overlapping generations model. Suppose population grows at a 2% rate, and wage grows at a 6% rate. Generation 2 has 500 people, who have an average salary of $30,000, and everyone pays 8% of their income to generation 1. What is the total amount generation 2 pays to generation 1? If generation 3 pays generation 2 the same dollar amount gen-eration 2 paid generation 1, what percentage of their income dothey pay?cost data:Assembly: Total cost of production = 400Earnings of High-Skilled Labor = 100Earnings of Low-Skilled Labor = 200Earnings of Capital = 100R&D: Total cost of production = 400Earnings of High-Skilled Labor = 175Earnings of Low-Skilled Labor = 125Earnings of Capital = 100A) In which factor is assembly intensive? In which factor is R&D intensive? Suppose that due to the opening of trade, the price of assembly falls by −20%, the price of R&Dremains unchanged, 0%, and capital’s share earnings remains constant. What has happened to the relative wage of high-skilled/low-skilled labor? Does this match the predictions of the offshoring model?
- MULTIPLE CHOICE (identify the one best answer and provide explanations): Consider an economy inwhich each worker has one machine and one unit of natural resources. Assume these inputs are fixed,and so is the worker’s human capital. But there has been an improvement in technology. We can surelyconclude that productivity has increased if:a. the amount of goods and services produced from each hour of the worker’s time increases.b. the amount of goods and services produced by the worker increases relative to a worker inanother country.c. if the amount of goods and services produced by the worker in a given year increases.d. all of the above.e. none of the aboveSuppose a worker’s skill is captured by his efficiency units of labor. The distribution of efficiency units in the population is such that worker 1 has one efficiency unit, worker 2 has two efficiency units, and so on. There are 100 workers in the population. In deciding whether to migrate to the United States, these workers compare their weekly earnings at home ( w0) with their potential earnings in the United States (w1).The wage-skills relationship in each of the two countries is given byw0 = 700 + 0.5sandw1 = 670 + swhere s is the number of efficiency units the worker possesses.a. Assume there are no migration costs. What is the average number of efficiency units among immigrants? Is the immigrant flow positively or negatively selected?b. Suppose it costs $10 to migrate to the United States. What is the average number of efficiency units among immigrants? Is the immigrant flow positively or negatively selected?Assume that a economy holds two factors of production, human capital managed by native-born workers and low skilled migrants. If large migration of low skilled migrants occurs, how will the influence the earnings of low skilled migrant?