Question 2 Consider a market with just one firm. The demand in the market is p 100-2Q and the marginal cost is $4. a. How much output will this firm produce? What will be the profit and consumers surplus? b. Suppose a second firm with the same cost function enters the market and the two firms compete in a Cournot style (simultaneous output choice). What will be the equilibrium price and quantity in the market? What is the total market profit and consumer surplus?
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- PROBLEM (5) (In a market with demand Q = 780 - p, there are 3 identical firms, A, B and C; each with a total cost function TC(Q) = 3(Q)^2. Calculating the market price under each of the 2 scenarios below, rank/order the Consumer Surplus in each scenario (don’t calculate each CS; just rank them); (i) B and C jointly form the fringe supply and A is the dominant firm in the dominant firm model. (ii) They act as perfectly competitive firms -as if trying to maximize total surplus and minimize DWL- that is, their joint MC serves as the “market supply” for the competitive market. Please answer all the parts!Consider a market for energy drinks consisting of only one firm. The firm has a linear cost function: C(q)=4q, where q represents quantity produced by the firm. The market inverse demand function is given byr P(Q)=24-2Q, where Q represents total industry output. Based on the given information answer the following. a. Now suppose a second firm enters the market. The second firm has an identical cost function. What will be the Cournot equilibrium output for each firm? b. Whay is the Stackelberg equilibrium output for each firm of firm 2 enters second? How much profit will each firm make in yhe Cournot game? How much in Stackelberg? c. Which type of market do consumers prefer: monopoly, Cournot duopoly or Stackelberg duopoly?PROBLEM (5) (In a market with demand Q = 780 - p, there are 3 identical firms, A, B and C; each with a total cost function TC(Q) = 3(Q)^2. Calculate the market price under each of the 2 scenarios below, (i) B and C jointly form the fringe supply and A is the dominant firm in the dominant firm model. ( ii) They act as perfectly competitive firms -as if trying to maximize total surplus and minimize DWL- that is, their joint MC serves as the “market supply” for the competitive market. Please answer all the parts!
- Suppose that there are two firms in an industry and they face market demand y=400-0.5p where y=y1+y2 . The total cost functions of the firms are C1(y1)= 40y1 and C2(y2)= 2y22. a) Assume initially that the firms enter into Cournot competition. Calculate the equilibrium market price and each firm’s equilibrium output. That is, find y1c, y2sand pc.b) Calculate the equilibrium market price and each firm’s equilibrium output assuming that firm 2 is the Stackelberg leader and firm 1 is the follower. That is, find y1s, y2sand ps.COURSE: MICROECONOMICS - Bertrand's ModelAssume that a market is supplied by 2 companies, whose total costs are: CTi = 100Respective demand of each is: q1 = 120 - 2p1 + p2 and q2 = 120 - 2p2 + p1It is requested to:(a) calculate the firms' profit and reaction function.(b) plot the market equilibrium price and reaction function(d) calculate equilibrium quantity produced by each firm(e) determine profits that both firms will have at equilibrium.There are two identical firms in an industry, 1 and 2, each with cost function , i = 1,2. The industry demand curve is P = 100 − 5X where industry output, X, is the sum of the two firms’ outputs (X1 + X2). (a) If each firm makes its output decisions on the assumption that the other will not react to its choices (the Cournot assumption), what is the equilibrium output for each firm? What is the equilibrium price? (b) Suppose that each firm takes it in turn to choose its level of output, on the assumption that the other’s output level is fixed. Would the process of adjustment be stable? (c) Suppose that firm 1 introduces a cost-saving innovation, so that its cost curve becomes C1 = 8X1. Firm 2’s cost curve and the industry demand curve are unchanged. What happens to the equilibrium quantity produced by each firm and to market price?
- The industry demand is P(y) = 14 – 2y. There are two firms with cost functions C1(y1) = 0 and C2(y2) = 0, respectively. a) Find the Cournot equilibrium: quantities, prices, profits, and total surplus. b) Suppose now that the two firms are owned by the same owner. Find the quantity, price, profit, and surplus. Compare your findings to the magnitudes in part (a). c) Find the maximal surplus possible in this industry. Point out two different sources of inefficiency which makes this total surplus in part (a) smaller.Please no written by hand and no emage Two firms compete in a homogeneous product market where the inverse demand function is P = 20 −5Q (quantity is measured in millions). Firm 1 has been in business for one year, while Firm 2 just recently entered the market. Each firm has a legal obligation to pay one year’s rent of $1.6 million regardless of its production decision. Firm 1’s marginal cost is $2, and Firm 2’s marginal cost is $10. The current market price is $15 and was set optimally last year when Firm 1 was the only firm in the market. At present, each firm has a 50 percent share of the market.Determine the current profits of the two firms. Firm 1's profits: $Firm 2's profits: $What would each firm’s current profits be if Firm 1 reduced its price to $10 while Firm 2 continued to charge $15?Firm 1's profits: $Firm 2's profits: $Suppose that, by cutting its price to $10, Firm 1 is able to drive Firm 2 completely out of the market. After Firm 2 exits the market, does Firm 1 have an…Suppose market inverse demand function is p(y)=100-Yt where Yt is total production in the market. Assume that there are two firms with following marginal cost MC(firm 1)=Y1 MC(firm 2)=2*Y2+10 Assume that Yt=Y1+Y2 Set up profit function for both firms. What is the best response function of each firm by taking into account action of other firm? What output level is going to be produced by each firm in equilibrium? Assume that Firm 1 is leader in the market and going to act first. What will be the best response and output level of firm 2. What is difference between previous and new situation? Why? What is difference between Bertrand and previous competition? How would you like to find equilibrium price?
- Suppose that the market consists of 6 identical firms , that the market demand curve is P=200-2Q and that each firm's marginal cost is 32. The cournot equilibrium quantity per firm is q=_____________________ and the equilibrium quantity in the market is Q=______________________. The market price is P=$______________ per unit.Need answer for part b only Zeus and Iron are the only two cement producers in Gotham. The cement they produce is essentially identical. In this market, each firm chooses the output level to produce and the price is determined by aggregate output (Cournot competition). The inverse demand for cement is given by P = 225 − Q/2 . Q is measured in tons and P is in euros. The marginal cost for Zeus is constant at 50 euros/ton. The respective cost for Iron is constant at 40 euros/ton. A technological innovation in the production process allows both firms to reduce marginal cost by 5 euros/ton. a) How much would each firm be willing to pay for the innovation, if it were the only firm to acquire it? b) Consider a situation where firms’ managers, simultaneously and non-cooperatively decide whether to acquire the innovation or not, which costs 900 euros, and then compete in quantities. What is the equilibrium of this game, based on its payoff matrix?DuopolyMarket for mechanical pencils can be described by the following demand schedule:Price | Number of pencils demanded$6 | 80$5 | 200$4 | 320$3 | 440$2 | 560$1 | 680$0 | 800The fixed cost is $340, while the variable cost is $0.50.d) If there were two firms on the market and they agreed to cooperate, how much would eachfirm need to produce? Follow the procedure outlined in the lecture and show that the otherfirm would prefer to deviate from the agreement.e) When the firms deviate from the agreement, there is a new optimal level of output. Showwhether the firms have an incentive to deviate from that level?f) If there were two firms on the market, what would be the price and the quantity of pencilstraded if the firms couldn’t cooperate?