Rational expectations theory assumes Multiple Cholce consumer behavior is static. consumers will change their behavior, but it takes time. consumers will adjust to their current situation immediately consumers lack full information and would benefit from improved expectations
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- Define rational expectations and explain the two rational expectation theories of the business cycle?? Definition of rational expectation: ......... Rational expectations theories. ...... ......define adaptive expectations what is its main implicationAccording to adaptive expectations, what happensto the inflation rate and the unemploymentrate in the following situations?a. Initially, the economy is operating at thenatural rate of 6 percent unemployment.The anticipated rate of inflation is6 percent, and the actual rate is also6 percent.b. In the next period, there is an unexpected risein the inflation rate to 10 percent.c. In the next period, there is an unexpected risein the inflation rate to 12 percent.
- Rational vs Adaptive Expectations. How are they both different from the assumption we have used up to this point? What are the policy implications of one versus the other?How would the AD/AS model be different if it assumed rational expectations rather than adaptive expectations? Define and give an example of each.Analyze the implications of the New Keynesian Approach for rational Expectations. State your assumptions very well.
- Consider the expectations augmented Phillips curve model. Suppose that we are starting from long - runequilibrium with a central bank which cares a lot about unemployment and relatively little about inflation.a) Draw and carefully label the graph of this situation. b) Explain where the Phillips curve comes from inthis model. c) Explain why the equilibrium you specify is the only Nash equilibrium. d) Now suppose that anew central bank governor is appointed who cares a lot about inflation and relatively little aboutunemployment. Redraw your graph twice, once showing what happens if private agents know the newgovernor's preferences and again showing what happens if private agents mistakenly believe that thenew governor has the same preferences as the old governor. Explain clearly why the outcome is differentin the two cases.Consider an economy with the following structure:where the symbols have the usual meanings and are in logs. μ and η are random errors.Expectations are formed in one of the following alternative ways:(a) Rational expectations:(b) Adaptive expectations:(i) Given rational expectations, solve for Pt and yt (in terms of the money supply and random errors, etc.)(ii) Given adaptive expectations, solve for Pt and yt (in terms of the money supply, etc.).(iii) For the two expectations hypotheses, derive the time patterns of the response of the price level to a unit change in the money supply.(iv) For the two expectations hypotheses, derive the time pattern of the response of real output to a unit change in the money supply.(v) Discuss the differences implied by the two hypotheses for the impact of monetary policy on real output and prices.Explain the implications of the rational expectations assumption for the Explain the implications of the rational expectations assumption for the effectiveness of economic stabilization policy? Explain the implications of the rational expectations assumption for the
- Using the inflation-unemployment version of the Phillips curve with adaptive expectations, ifaggregate demand increasesA)workers will realize that inflation has changed in the long run but not in the short run.B)the SRPC will immediately shift to the right as workers expect higher pricesC)workers will mistakenly work less, resulting in a decrease in inflation and increase inunemploymentD)actual inflation will be less than expected inflation, resulting in workers mistakenly workingmore and unemployment falling.Do rational expectations tend to l ook back at past experience while adaptive expectations look ahead to the future? Explain your answer.Using the Frieman-Phelps expectations-augmented Phillips curve, if actual and expected inflationare equal to each other, thenA)workers are correctly forecasting inflation and the economy is in long run equilibriumB)the policymaker needs to pursue expansionary policy to create more output.C)in the long run workers will adjust their expectations, resulting in a business cycle in the longrun.D)the economy is in an expansion above the natural rate of output.