Recall the semi discontinuity in DNA replication. Is it biologically possible for DNA to undergo replication in vivo, without the lagging and the leading strands? In PCR, we also start with an antiparallel strand of DNA. Does this also mean that replication is semidiscontinuous in in vitro replication? PLEASE EXPLAIN COMPLETELY AND NOT JUST COPY PASTE ANSWERS FROM GOOGLE.

Recall the semi discontinuity in DNA replication. Is it biologically possible for DNA to undergo replication in vivo, without the lagging and the leading strands? In PCR, we also start with an antiparallel strand of DNA. Does this also mean that replication is semidiscontinuous in in vitro replication? PLEASE EXPLAIN COMPLETELY AND NOT JUST COPY PASTE ANSWERS FROM GOOGLE.

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter28: Dna Metabolism: Replication, Recombination, And Repair

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8P: Human Genome Replication Rate Assume DNA replication proceeds at a rate of 100 base pairs per second...

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Application/ Analysis Explain how the anti-parallel structure of DNA predicts its replication mechanism. Identify the major and minor groove of DNA and explain why they are there. Differentiate between semiconservative, conservative, and dispersive replication. Interpret a diagram of a bi-directional replication fork and correctly determine strand polarity and fork direction.
Human Genome Replication Rate Assume DNA replication proceeds at a rate of 100 base pairs per second in human cells and origins of replication occur every 300 kbp. Assume also that human DNA polymerases are highly processive and only two molecules of DNA polymerase arc needed per replication fork. How long would it take to replicate the entire diploid human genome? How many molecules of DNA polymerase does each cell need to carry out this task?
REFLECT AND APPLY Define processivity, and indicate the importance of this concept in DNA replication.
Semiconservative or Conservative DNA Replication If 15N-Iabeled E. coli DNA has a density of 1.724 g/mL, 14N-labeled DNA has a density of 1.710 g/mL, and E. coli cells grown for many generations on 14NH4+as a nitrogen source are transferred to media containing 15NH4+as the sole N-source, (a) What will be the density of the DNA after one generation, assuming replication is semiconservative? (b) Suppose replication took place by a conservative mechanism in which the parental strands remained together and the two progeny strands were paired. Design an experiment that could distinguish between semiconservative and conservative modes of replication.
Why Sanger sequencing uses ddNTPs and how they differ functionally from dNTPs. Does Sanger sequencing minimize the length of replication since phosphodiester bonds are not forned during DNA replication. Also, does it differ from dNTPs functionally since it lacks two hydroxyl groups?
A. write one difference between DNA Replication in vivo and PCR. Draw two pictures which clearly illustrate that difference. (cannot say one occurs inside of cells and the other one does not).
Suppose that a replicative DNA polymerase had its 3′ exonuclease site 1.5 nm from the polymerase site, rather than the 3.0 nm seen in Klenow fragment. How would this change affect the fidelity of the enzyme? Why? Describe an additional change that could give this enzyme the same fidelity as Klenow fragment while retaining the 1.5-nm inter-site distance.
Replication:- what other enzymes are involved in the initiation phase?- explain the role of primers in this phase- how is the building of the leading strand different from that of the lagging strand?
Describe, in detail, causes for mutations that occur during replication. For each, use detail to describe how the mutation would occur, classify the type of mutation that results, and the effect it may have on the cell. What are two causes for mutations during replication? What is one cause for mutations at the end of replication? Differentiate between transition and transversion mutations. What are they, examples? How do point deletions/insertions lead to frameshift mutations- your answer should include what a “frame” is, what a codon is and how codons are responsible for making aa chains?
Experiment: DNA Extraction from Banana The procedures are attached below. Question: 1. Will the DNA you extracted be pure? What are the possible impurities?
DNA mismatch repair enzymes preferentially repair bases on the newly synthesized DNA strand, using the old DNA strand as a template. if mismatches were simply repaired without regard for which strand served as template, would this reduce replication errors? explain your answer.
Not just generic "degradation" or even shorter DNA fragments, what specific structure change in double-stranded DNA does the hyperchromicity effect show?