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- Describe Malthus’ pessimistic model of population. What empirical factsabout population in the world led to the break-down of the model? What are the three stages of the demographic transition? For each stagedescribe:a. Is population size increasing or decreasing?b. Is the population growth rate increasing or decreasing?What are the three stages of the demographic transition? For each stagedescribe:a. Is population size increasing or decreasing?b. Is the population growth rate increasing or decreasing?Consider the U.S. during the Great Depression and WWII –fertility rates were low (between 1929 and 1945 total fertility rate (TFR) was about 2.5 per woman aged 15-44). a.What does a fertility rate of 2.5 per woman mean? Through the 1960s, the U.S. saw a baby boom (TFR of 3.4 between 1946 and 1964). However, since 1980 the TFR has fallen below 2.1. b.What may explain the fall in fertility after the 1980s? c.Even though the fertility rate fell to replacement rate in 1980, population was still growing in the U.S. during the 1980s. Explain d. Describe what happened to the proportion of old-age population: i.during the baby boom ii.after 1980
- In the famous book called “Essay on the Principle of Population” (published in 1798) the Englisheconomist Thomas Malthus pointed out that due to fixed quantity of land in the world, aspopulation of the world grow the amount of land per worker will decline and future productivitywill fall. Having learned about the factors that contribute to economic growth, why do you thinkhis prediction about the future of the word turned out to be incorrect? Provide a brief explanation.Assume there are two countries: South Korea and the United States. South Korea grows at 4 and the United States grows at 1. For the sake of simplicity, assume they both start from the same fictional income level, 10,000. What will the incomes of the United States and South Korea he in 20 years? By how many multiples will each countrys income grow in 20 years?Use an example to explain why, after periods of rapid growth, a low-income country that has not caught up to a high-income country may feel poor.
- dont use chatgpt answer In the specific-factors model, labor migration from Mexico to the United States will cause _________ in U.S. low-skilled wages and _________ in Mexican low-skilled wages. A) increases; decreases B) increases; increases C) decreases; decreases D) decreases; increasesMost of the jobs that were added to the American economy over the past thirty years were in which of the followingsectors?a. service and white-collarb. manufacturingc. miningd. skilled blue-collarTFR and Birth Rates:a. Define the crude birth-rate and the total fertility rateSuppose country A and B have are identical in their population size andstructure, and rate of mortality, but A has a higher average TFR than B.b. What could be some of the reasons why A has a higher fertility ratethan B?c. What will be true about the size and age structure of the population in Arelative to B in 25 years? Will the proportion of young people to oldpeople be higher or lower in A?d. Now suppose the governments of both A and B impose a one-child policy(the TFR was greater than 1 in both A and B). Suppose the policy is fullyenforced (i.e. all families indeed have one kid). Is the fertility rate thesame in A and B? Is the birth rate same in A and B?e. Is the population growth rate higher or lower in A?f. As more time passes, the population growth will eventually slow down inboth countries. What will happen to the proportion of old in the populationas population growth slows down?
- Tis question is not addressed in the chapter—and in fact is still debated amongeconomists—but it is interesting to think about: Why do you suppose growthin living standards was virtually nonexistent for thousands of years? Why didthis situation change in recent centuries?If these population changes were only due to human migration, what conclusions could be made, based on the map? a) The majority of states are experiencing immigrationtherefore, the overall country has an increase in population size b) The majority of states are experiencing emigration therefore, the overall country has an increase in population size. c) The majority of states are experiencing immigration; therefore, the overall country has a decrease in population size d) The majority of states are experiencing emigration; therefore, the overall country has a decrease in population sizeow are major demographic forces linked with economic changes? With major cultural trends?