Referring to conjugation in bacteria: Mark all cell types for which the following statement is true. Cell is used as a donor cell in conjugation. Select one or more: Oa. F+ Ob. F O C. Hfr O d. F'
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- A bacterial cell with an F factor conjugates with an F− cell.Following conjugation, the two cells will bea. F+. b. F−. c. one F+ and one F−.d. none of the above.Explain the importance of the following features in conjugating donor bacteria: a. the origin of transfer b. the conjugation pilus c. homologous recombination d. the relaxosome e. relaxase f. T strand DNA g. pillin proteinFor bacteria that are F+, Hfr, F', and F- answer the following. a. Describe the state of the F factor. b. Which of these cells are donors? Which is the recipient? c. Which of these donors can convert exconjugants to a donor state? d. Which of these donors can transfer a donor gene to exconjugants? e. Describe the results of conjugation (i.e., changes in the recipient and the exconjugant) that allow detection of the state of the F factor in a donor strain. f. Describe a "partial diploid" and how it originates.
- Draw a diagram/figure to explain the conjugation process (. You should include in the diagram the F- recipient, Hfr Donor and the transconjugant/recombinant recipient. Make sure to include the genes encoding for Leucine, Threonine, Thiamine and Streptomycin resistance in your diagram. How does an Hfr strain of coli transfers chromosomal DNA to an F- strain? What determines how much of the chromosomal DNA is transferred?Which of the following statements about conjugation is false? After a F- cell has conjugated with an F+ cell, both cells would be F+. Both Hfr and F+ bacteria have the ability to produce a sex pilus. In F+ × F- conjugation, none of the bacterial chromosome is transferred; only the F factor is. A Hfr strain usually transfers the entire bacterial chromosome to the recipient cell. F' × F- conjugation can produce a partially diploid bacterial cell.Briefly explain the process of bacterial conjugation, and explain how it is different from conjugation in humans.
- In conjugation of a Hfr cell with an F- cell: a) the container cell becomes F + b) The container cell remains F- c) The donor cell becomes F- d) The recipient cell becomes HfrBacterial transformation involves DNA transfer to a recipient cell Group of answer choices as naked DNA in solution by a bacteriophage by cell-to-cell contact by sexual reproductionReverse transcriptase assembles an ________ on an _______ template. a. mRNA; DNA c. DNA; ribosome b. cDNA; mRNA d. protein; mRNA
- Conjugation is sometimes called bacterial mating. Is it a form ofsexual reproduction? Explain.Choose the one answer that fits best. Which of the following statements regarding bacteria is NOT correct? a. During conjugation, two bacteria exchange genetic information directly via pili b. Bacterial populations have a higher mutation rate because their DNA Polymerases do not have proofreading capability c. Bacterial growth by binary fission is exponential and each division usually takes only a couple of hour or less d. Plasmids carry just a few genes and are replicated independently from the bacterial chromosome e. Cocci that are arranged in clusters/bunches are called staphylococciConjugation involves which of the following: a. transfer of plasmids among bacteria b. sexual reproduction of Eukaryotes c. uptake of free DNA from the environment d. integration of a virus into a chromosome
