NPV is negative.8.16 Replacement Decision. Wisconsin Products Company manufactures several different products.One of the firm's principal products sells for $20 per unit. The sales manager of WisconsinProducts has stated repeatedly that he could sell more units of this product if they were available.In an attempt to substantiate his claim the sales manager conducted a market research study lastyear at a cost of $44,000 to determine potential demand for this product. The study indicated thatWisconsin Products could sell 18,000 units of this product annually for the next 5 years. flows. Explain why your corected calculations differ from the original analysis prepared by theflow analysis for this investment proposal. The controller has asked you to prepare correctedcalculations of (a) the required investment in the new equipment and (6) the recurring annual cash236The controller of Wisconsin Products Company plans to prepare a discounted cashsales manager. (c) Calculate the net present value of the proposed investment in the newCAPITAL BULzero in 5 years.ment costs $300,000 and has an estimated useful life of 5 years, with no salvage value at the endif purchased, would provide increased production efficiencies that would reduce the varisproduction costs to $7 per unit.Wisconsin Products Company uses straight-line depreciation on all its equipment fortax purposes. The firm is subject to a 40 percent tax rate, and its after-tax cost of capital15 percent.The sales manager felt so strongly about the need for additional capacity that he attemptedto prepare an economic justification for the equipment although this was not one of biresponsibilities. His analysis, presented below and on the next page, disappointed him becauseit did not justify acquisition of the cquipment.He computed the required investment as follows:$300,000Purchase price of new equipmentDisposal of existing equipmentLoss on disposalLess tax benefit (40%)Cost of market research studyS60,00024,00036,00044,000Total investment$380,000He computed the annual returns as follows:Contribution margin from productUsing the new equipment[18,000 x (S20 - $7)]Using the existing equipment[11,000 x (S20 - S9)]Increase in contribution marginLess depreciationIncrease in before-tax incomeIncome tax (40%)$234,000121,000$113,00060,000$53,00021.200$31,800Increase in incomeLess 15% cost of capital on theadditional investment required(0.15 x $380,000)57,000Net annual return on proposedinvestment in new equipmentS(25,200)equipment.

Cash flow is defined as the net amount of cash and cash equivalents carried into and out of a…

Answered: Replacement Decision. Wisconsin…

Principles of Accounting Volume 2

19th Edition

ISBN:9781947172609

Author:OpenStax

Publisher:OpenStax

Chapter3: Cost-volume-profit Analysis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8EA: Marchete Company produces a single product. They have recently received the results of a market...

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Harvey Company produces two models of blenders: the Super Model (priced at 400) and the Special Model (priced at 200). Recently, Harvey has been losing market share with its Special Model because of competitors offering blenders with the same quality and features but at a lower price. A careful market study revealed that if Harvey could reduce the price of its Special Model to 180, it would regain its former share of the market. Management, however, is convinced that any price reduction must be accompanied by a cost reduction of the same amount so that per-unit profitability is not affected. Earl Wise, company controller, has indicated that poor overhead costing assignments may be distorting managements view of each products cost and, therefore, the ability to know how to set selling prices. Earl has identified the following overhead activities: machining, inspection, and rework. The three activities, their costs, and practical capacities are as follows: The consumption patterns of the two products are as follows: Harvey assigns overhead costs to the two products using a plantwide rate based on machine hours. Required: 1. Calculate the unit overhead cost of the Special Model using machine hours to assign overhead costs. Now, repeat the calculation using ABC to assign overhead costs. Did improving the accuracy of cost assignments solve Harveys competitive problem? What did it reveal? 2. Now, assume that in addition to improving the accuracy of cost assignments, Earl observes that defective supplier components are the root cause of both the inspection and rework activities. Suppose further that Harvey has found a new supplier that provides higher-quality components such that inspection and rework costs are reduced by 50 percent. Now, calculate the cost of the Special Model (assuming that inspection and rework times are also reduced by 50 percent) using ABC. The relative consumption patterns also remain the same. Comment on the difference between ABC and ABM.
Carpetland salespersons average 8,000 per week in sales. Steve Contois, the firms vice president, proposes a compensation plan with new selling incentives. Steve hopes that the results of a trial selling period will enable him to conclude that the compensation plan increases the average sales per salesperson. a. Develop the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses. b. What is the Type I error in this situation? What are the consequences of making this error? c. What is the Type II error in this situation? What are the consequences of making this error?
Danna Martin, president of Mays Electronics, was concerned about the end-of-the year marketing report that she had just received. According to Larry Savage, marketing manager, a price decrease for the coming year was again needed to maintain the companys annual sales volume of integrated circuit boards (CBs). This would make a bad situation worse. The current selling price of 18 per unit was producing a 2-per-unit profithalf the customary 4-per-unit profit. Foreign competitors kept reducing their prices. To match the latest reduction would reduce the price from 18 to 14. This would put the price below the cost to produce and sell it. How could these firms sell for such a low price? Determined to find out if there were problems with the companys operations, Danna decided to hire a consultant to evaluate the way in which the CBs were produced and sold. After two weeks, the consultant had identified the following activities and costs: The consultant indicated that some preliminary activity analysis shows that per-unit costs can be reduced by at least 7. Since the marketing manager had indicated that the market share (sales volume) for the boards could be increased by 50% if the price could be reduced to 12, Danna became quite excited. Required: 1. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION What is activity-based management? What phases of activity analysis did the consultant provide? What else remains to be done? 2. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Identify as many nonvalue-added costs as possible. Compute the cost savings per unit that would be realized if these costs were eliminated. Was the consultant correct in the preliminary cost reduction assessment? Discuss actions that the company can take to reduce or eliminate the nonvalue-added activities. 3. Compute the unit cost required to maintain current market share, while earning a profit of 4 per unit. Now compute the unit cost required to expand sales by 50%, assuming a per-unit profit of 4. How much cost reduction would be required to achieve each unit cost? 4. Assume that further activity analysis revealed the following: switching to automated insertion would save 60,000 of engineering support and 90,000 of direct labor. Now, what is the total potential cost reduction per unit available from activity analysis? With these additional reductions, can Mays achieve the unit cost to maintain current sales? To increase it by 50%? What form of activity analysis is this: reduction, sharing, elimination, or selection? 5. CONCEPTUAL CONNECTION Calculate income based on current sales, prices, and costs. Then calculate the income by using a 14 price and a 12 price, assuming that the maximum cost reduction possible is achieved (including Requirement 4s reduction). What price should be selected?
Best Wholesale recently calculated their break-even point for their Midwest operations. The national sales manager has asked them to include a $10,500 margin of safety in their calculations. Using the following information, recalculate Best Wholesales break-even point in units and dollars with the $10,500 margin of safety included.
Bienestar, Inc., has two plants that manufacture a line of wheelchairs. One is located in Kansas City, and the other in Tulsa. Each plant is set up as a profit center. During the past year, both plants sold their tilt wheelchair model for 1,620. Sales volume averages 20,000 units per year in each plant. Recently, the Kansas City plant reduced the price of the tilt model to 1,440. Discussion with the Kansas City manager revealed that the price reduction was possible because the plant had reduced its manufacturing and selling costs by reducing what was called non-value-added costs. The Kansas City manufacturing and selling costs for the tilt model were 1,260 per unit. The Kansas City manager offered to loan the Tulsa plant his cost accounting manager to help it achieve similar results. The Tulsa plant manager readily agreed, knowing that his plant must keep pacenot only with the Kansas City plant but also with competitors. A local competitor had also reduced its price on a similar model, and Tulsas marketing manager had indicated that the price must be matched or sales would drop dramatically. In fact, the marketing manager suggested that if the price were dropped to 1,404 by the end of the year, the plant could expand its share of the market by 20 percent. The plant manager agreed but insisted that the current profit per unit must be maintained. He also wants to know if the plant can at least match the 1,260 per-unit cost of the Kansas City plant and if the plant can achieve the cost reduction using the approach of the Kansas City plant. The plant controller and the Kansas City cost accounting manager have assembled the following data for the most recent year. The actual cost of inputs, their value-added (ideal) quantity levels, and the actual quantity levels are provided (for production of 20,000 units). Assume there is no difference between actual prices of activity units and standard prices. Required: 1. Calculate the target cost for expanding the Tulsa plants market share by 20 percent, assuming that the per-unit profitability is maintained as requested by the plant manager. 2. Calculate the non-value-added cost per unit. Assuming that non-value-added costs can be reduced to zero, can the Tulsa plant match the Kansas City per-unit cost? Can the target cost for expanding market share be achieved? What actions would you take if you were the plant manager? 3. Describe the role that benchmarking played in the effort of the Tulsa plant to protect and improve its competitive position.
Jansen Crafters has the capacity to produce 50,000 oak shelves per year and is currently selling 44,000 shelves for $32 each. Cutrate Furniture approached Jansen about buying 1,200 shelves for bookcases it is building and is willing to pay $26 for each shelf. No packaging will be required for the bulk order. Jansen usually packages shelves for Home Depot at a price of $1.50 per shell. The $1.50 per-shelf cost is included in the unit variable cost of $27, with annual fixed costs of $320.000. However, the $130 packaging cost will not apply in this case. The fixed costs will be unaffected by the special order and the company has the capacity to accept the order. Based on this information, what would be the profit if Jansen accepts the special order? A. Profits will decrease by $1,200. B. Profits will increase by $31,200. C. Profits will increase by $600. D. Profits will increase by $7,200.
Shelby Industries has a capacity to produce 45.000 oak shelves per year and is currently selling 40,000 shelves for $32 each. Martin Hardwoods has approached Shelby about buying 1,200 shelves for a new project and is willing to pay $26 each. The shelves can be packaged in bulk; this saves Shelby $1.50 per shelf compared to the normal packaging cost. Shelves have a unit variable cost of $27 with fixed costs of $350,000. Because the shelves dont require packaging, the unit variable costs for the special order will drop from $27 per shelf to $25.50 per shelf. Shelby has enough idle capacity to accept the contract. What is the minimum price per shelf that Shelby should accept for this special order?
Kimball Company has developed the following cost formulas: Materialusage:Ym=80X;r=0.95Laborusage(direct):Yl=20X;r=0.96Overheadactivity:Yo=350,000+100X;r=0.75Sellingactivity:Ys=50,000+10X;r=0.93 where X=Directlaborhours The company has a policy of producing on demand and keeps very little, if any, finished goods inventory (thus, units produced equals units sold). Each unit uses one direct labor hour for production. The president of Kimball Company has recently implemented a policy that any special orders will be accepted if they cover the costs that the orders cause. This policy was implemented because Kimballs industry is in a recession and the company is producing well below capacity (and expects to continue doing so for the coming year). The president is willing to accept orders that minimally cover their variable costs so that the company can keep its employees and avoid layoffs. Also, any orders above variable costs will increase overall profitability of the company. Required: 1. Compute the total unit variable cost. Suppose that Kimball has an opportunity to accept an order for 20,000 units at 220 per unit. Should Kimball accept the order? (The order would not displace any of Kimballs regular orders.) 2. Explain the significance of the coefficient of correlation measures for the cost formulas. Did these measures have a bearing on your answer in Requirement 1? Should they have a bearing? Why or why not? 3. Suppose that a multiple regression equation is developed for overhead costs: Y = 100,000 + 100X1 + 5,000X2 + 300X3, where X1 = direct labor hours, X2 = number of setups, and X3 = engineering hours. The coefficient of determination for the equation is 0.94. Assume that the order of 20,000 units requires 12 setups and 600 engineering hours. Given this new information, should the company accept the special order referred to in Requirement 1? Is there any other information about cost behavior that you would like to have? Explain.
Bethany Company has just completed the first month of producing a new product but has not yet shipped any of this product. The product incurred variable manufacturing costs of 5,000,000, fixed manufacturing costs of 2,000,000, variable marketing costs of 1,000,000, and fixed marketing costs of 3,000,000. Under the variable costing concept, the inventory value of the new product would be: a. 5,000,000. b. 6,000,000. c. 8,000,000. d. 11,000,000.
When making the determination of whether or not a selling price should be increased there are many different aspects to take into consideration. Paulsen Company sells only one product. The regular selling price is $50. Variable costs are 70% of this selling price, and fixed costs are $7,500 per month. Management decides to increase the selling price from $50 to $55 per unit. Assume that the cost of the product and the fixed operating expenses are not changed by this pricing decision. In a response of 400-600 words answer the following: What cost-volume relationships should Paulsen take into consideration for the original price and the proposed new selling price? Discuss the non-monetary factors that should be taken into consideration before raising a selling price.
A toaster is manufactured at a variable cost of $17 per unit, fixed costs of $8 per unit, and variable selling costs of $3 per unit, and normally sells at $40 per unit. The company receives a special-order request for 5,000 units and is willing to pay a price of $25 per unit. It will take an additional $2 per unit for special packaging of the product. Would you accept or reject the special order? Show your calculations, would accepting the order increase or decrease your net income? What other two factors will influence your decision.
Ram Co. is trying to decide whether or not to discontinue one of its products, slow cookers. Last year's sales and expenses for slow cookers are as follows: Sales $65,000 Less expenses: Variable costs $35,000 Fixed costs 48,000 83,000 Net operating loss $(18,000) If slow cookers are discontinued, 75% of the fixed costs can be avoided. At the same time, discontinuing slow cookers will have no effect on other products. What is the financial advantage or disadvantage of discontinuing slow cookers? Multiple Choice a)$17,000 financial advantage b)$13,000 financial disadvantage c)$4,000 financial disadvantage d)$6,000 financial advantage

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