Sanna lives for two time periods. She receives income in both and can consume in both. Her utility function is increasing in both period 1 and period 2 consumption. Any income saved from Period 1 must be consumed in Period 2 and earns interest (at interest rate r); in contrast, if Sanna borrows in Period 1 she must pay this back (at interest rate r) from her income in Period 2. Suppose that initially Sanna's optimal bundle makes her a lender in Period 1. If the interest rate increases, which of the following is true? O None of the other answers are correct Sanna might become a borrower and will be made better off Sanna might become a borrower and might be made better off OSanna will remain a lender and will be made better off Sanna will remain a lender but might be made worse off
Q: Since she has to borrow and pay interest if she wants to consume in the first period, she can…
A: It is known that: Julia has to borrow to consume in period 1
Q: Suppose a consumer lives in two periods, with his income in period 1 as $100 and his income in…
A: Utility maximizing consumption bundle is when MUC1 / MUC2 = 1 + rWhere MUC1 = Marginal utility from…
Q: Assume p1 = $2, p2 = $4, and Income = $100. Derive the utility-maximizing consumption bundle for the…
A: A person's consumption bundle is a collection of all the goods and services that person consumes.…
Q: If preferences for pizza increase and the price of labor to produce pizza decreases, the equilibrium…
A: "Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve first question for you .. If you want any…
Q: Only need the first three questions answered
A: Hi there! Thank you for submitting the question. Since we only answer up to three sub-parts, we will…
Q: (i) Graph the budget constraint for the individual. (ii) Add to your graph the consumer’s…
A: * ANSWER :-
Q: An individual lives two periods, 0 and 1. The income is 14,000 in period 0 and 5,000 in period 1.…
A: An individual live for 2 years period 0 and period 1 MU1=K-C0 MU2=δ(K-C1) Income in period 0=14000…
Q: Suppose the demand for frozen pizzas is given by the following equation: QD=100-50P +25P₂-1.51 where…
A: Demand is affected by the several factors such as the price of good, price of related good, and…
Q: An agent lives for 2 periods and she receives an endowment of £11,000 in period 1, and £18,000 in…
A: Let m1 and m2 stand for endowment in period 1 and endowment in period 2 respectively. Let r denote…
Q: Melanie inherited $25,000, and she needs to decide how much to spend now and how much to save for…
A: Answer: Correct option: $15,000 Explanation: Melanie income in period 1 = $25,000 Now suppose that…
Q: Suppose a consumer lives in two periods, with his income in period 1 as $100 and his income in…
A: In two period consumption optimal consumption at that point where Slope of Indifference curve and…
Q: Using the CES function given as u = (ax" + byP)F a) Calculate the indirect utility function b) State…
A: Utility function : U(x1 , x2 ) = (xp1 1+xp2)1/p Budget Constraint : p1x1 + p2x2 = m Firstly we…
Q: What are the determinants for an individual demand? Derive with the help of indifference curves and…
A: Demand: It refers to the goods and services that people ask for in the market. The change in demand…
Q: Given the utility function: U = ln c + l + ln c’ + l’ and the budget constraint:…
A: given utility function: U = ln c + l + ln c’ + l’ budget constraint:…
Q: Empirical evidence suggest that many consumers tend to spend all of their current disposable income…
A: Current disposable income: The disposable income of a consumer is that part of his income which…
Q: 1. Think about a utility function U(x,y)=xy, the budget constraint is px*x +py*y= m. a. Please…
A: We are going to use optimal choices for good X and good Y to answer this question.
Q: Ann has started working and is saving to buy a house, which requires a down-payment of d. She has a…
A: If Ann has to save the down payment in minimum time, she will have to consume at her minimum…
Q: Using Fisher's Intertemporal Choice model, consider the following scenario: Suppose Milo earns…
A: Interest rate can be calculated as follows.
Q: Over a three-year period, an individual exhibits the following consumption behavior: Px Py x y…
A: The price of good X rose between year 1 and year 2, which reduced the consumption of good X. Good Y…
Q: What are the determinants for an individual demand? Receive with the help of indifference curves and…
A: Demand can be defined as the quantity of a good that the customers are able and willing to buy at…
Q: We assume that the representative consumer's preferences exhibit the properties that more is always…
A: Answer: option (D) Consumption and leisure are both normal goods and that the consumer likes…
Q: Steve's utility for socks (q1) and other goods (q2) is given by U(q1,q2) =109¹929 The price of the…
A: In the field of economics, "utility" is a phrase that refers to the overall enjoyment that one…
Q: Consider a consumer that lives only for two periods. He works in period 1 (and gets income Y1) and…
A:
Q: Consider the 2-period household model that you have seen in class. Suppose the household wants to…
A: A Two-period Model is defined as a model where there are two periods: the first period represents…
Q: A consumer lives periods 1 (C(t=1)) and 2 (C(t=2)). Her lifetime utility function is C(t)l-0 u(C(t))…
A:
Q: The consumer's utility function is u(x1,x2) = x1 x2 Graph her budget constraint for P1 = 3, P2 = 2…
A: Budget constraint shows the different possible combination of consumption of goods and services…
Q: Assume you define your permanent income as the average of your income from this and the past four…
A: Permanent income for last five years (including this year's) = (40000 + 38000 + 34000 + 32000 +…
Q: Q.1 Use Lagrange multipliers to find the maximum utility for the utility function U = 5xy, when…
A: One way of maximizing utility is to choose a bundle where marginal rate of substitution is equal to…
Q: Consider a consumer that lives only for two periods. He works in period 1 (and gets income Y1) and…
A: "Since you have asked multiple questions ,we will solve first question for you.If you want any…
Q: Consider a 2-good economy and a consumer endowed with a positive net income m. If the unit prices of…
A: Given information Consumer is indifferent between 5 units of X1 and 8 units of X2 P1=2P1 M>0
Q: Suppose that y =100 (income today) y' = 150 (income tomorrow) • r = 10% (interest rate on bonds) • t…
A: Consumer is borrower or savers dependents on the difference between disposable income and…
Q: Consider the two period consumption savings problem faced by an individual whose utility is defined…
A: For the above question let us firstly derive the lifetime budget constraint : In period 1 : Budget…
Q: Suppose we wanted to investigate the saving and borrowing behavior of consumers. It’s not that…
A: The budget constraint of the consumer can be illustrate as follows;
Q: Consider a consumer that lives only for two periods. He works in period 1 (and gets income Y1) and…
A: Concerning two commodities, an indifference curve is a graph that shows which combinations of the…
Q: Josh is playing blackjack for real money. He has reference-dependent preferences over money: if his…
A: Given value function V(X)=ln(X+1)---X>=0 V(X)=-2ln(-X+1)--- X=<0
Q: Suppose Cho is a cinephile and buys only movie tickets. Cho deposits $3,000 in a bank account that…
A: Purchasing power refers to the amount or the quantity of goods that can be bought at a given income.…
Q: Suppose you are on a three-day trip to Rome (from Monday to Wednesday) and during your stay you…
A: Utilization work, in financial matters, the connection between buyer spending and the different…
Q: The utility derived by a consumer from the consumption of two commodities is given by the function U…
A: Lagrange Multiplier Method: L = U (A, B) - λ(PA*A + PB*B - M) where, U (A, B) is the utility…
Q: Suppose a consumer has a monthly income of m = 100 which she spends on two commodities: french fries…
A: Given: The monthly income of a consumer is 100. The price of french fries (X1) is 2 The price of…
Q: A consumer maximises the following two-period utility function 1 u(c2) 1+p)² V = max- subject to the…
A: Two period Utility function : Let : 11 + ρ = x (Just for simplification purposes we will replace…
Q: q22-Ginger's utility function is U(x,y)=2x^2y. She has income I=2000 and faces prices Px=$20 and…
A: Budget line equation can be derived as follows.
Q: Assume that consumption when young and consumption when old are both normal goods. The income effect…
A: Income effect means a change in the quantity demanded for a good or a service due to change in the…
Q: Michelle is a saver, and consumption in period 1 is a normal good. If there is an increase in the…
A: Consumer spending is thought to be affected by higher interest rates by both substitution and income…
Q: Consider an economy with two goods, consumption c and leisure I, and a representative consumer. The…
A: GIVEN The consumer's preferences over consumption and hours of work can be represented by the…
Q: TRUE or FALSE. If the statement is correct, write TRUE on your answer sheet. If the statement is…
A: The substitution effect is the decrease in the sales of products due to higher prices and switching…
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps with 1 images
- An individual is faced with a choice of buying housing in one of two markets; the private market where he may buy any amount of housing he pleases at the going price, and the public housing market where he will be offered, on a take-it-or-leave-it-basis, a particular amount of housing at a price lower than that which he would pay for it on the private market. Will he necessarily choose the public housing? If so, may we conclude that he will consume more housing than he would have purchased had he been forced to buy it on the private market? (With thanks to Dr Leslie Rosenthal.)Consider an economy where individuals live for two periods only. Their utility function over consumption in periods 1 and 2 is given by U = 2 log(C1) + 2 log(C2), where C1 and C2 are period 1 and period 2 consumption levels respectively. They have labor income of $100 in period 1 and labor income of $50 in period 2. They can save as much of their income in period 1 as they like in bank accounts, earning interest rate of 5 percent per period. They have no bequest motive, so they spend all their income before the end of period 2. a. What is each individual’s lifetime budget constraint? If they choose consumption in each period so as to maximize their lifetime utility subject to their lifetime budget constraint, what is the optimal consumption in each period? How much do the consumers save in the first period? b. Suppose that the government introduces a social security system that will take $10 from each individual in period 1, put it in a bank account, and transfer it back to…In the two-period Fisher model of consumption, suppose that the first period income is $5,000 and the second period income is $5,000 for both Matt and Paola. The interest rate is 10 percent. Matt’s lifetime utility function is C1 + C2 while Paola’s lifetime utility function is C1 + 0.8C2. If there is a borrowing constraint, whose consumption is affected by that?
- Consider a two-period consumption saving model and let f1 and f2 denote the first and secondperiod consumption, respectively. Assume that the interest rate at which the consumer may lend or borrowis 10%. Suppose that a consumer’s utility function is x (f1> f2) = f1 + 20√f2= The consumer first periodincome is L1 = $100 and the present value of her income stream is $330=(a) What is the optimal consumption stream (consumption bundle) of this consumer?(b) Is this consumer borrower or lender? How much does she borrow or lend?(c) What is the effect of a reduction of the interest rate to 5% on the consumer’s optimal first-periodsaving? (Make sure to take into account the effect of the decline in the interest rate on the present value ofthe consumer’s income stream.)The utility derived by a consumer from the consumption of two commodities is given by the function U (A, B) = 0.5In (A) + 0.5 In (B) where A are the number of units of the first commodity consumed and B are the number of units of the second commodity consumed each month. A unit of the first commodity costs $8 and a unit of the second commodity costs $ 4 using the Lagrange multiplier method determine the optimal quantity of each of the commodities consumed each month given that consumer has $32 to spend on both commodities each monthConsider a consumer that lives only for two periods. He works in period 1 (and gets income Y1) and moves up the corporate ladder in period 2 (and gets income Y1 < Y2). This consumer has the usual preferences over time: u(C1) + βu(C2) 1. Assume this consumer cannot borrow. What is the consumption in period 1 and period 2? Display graphically. Show the corresponding utility curve. 2. Assume that now the consumer is allowed to save or borrow. Write down the new budget constraint. What is the consumption in period 1 and period 2? Display graphically. Could the consumer be worse off? Could the consumer be better off? Draw budget constraints such that for one of them consumer prefers to borrow and for the other - prefers to save. 3. Assume once again that a consumer cannot borrow, but can borrow and immediately sell some MacGuffins, and in the next period, the consumer must buy back the MacGuffins to return to the lender. Assume that MacGuffin t r a d e s a t P1 > 0 in the first period…
- If Samantha's income is reduced to zero after she loses her job, her consumption will be ________ and her saving will be ________. Group of answer choices greater than zero; less than zero less than zero; less than zero greater than zero; greater than zero less than zero; greater than zeroGiven the utility function: U = ln c + l + ln c’ + l’ and the budget constraint: w(ℎ−l)+(w′(ℎ−l′))/(1+r)=c+(c′)/(1+r) (see pictures of function and constraint) where c = current consumption, c' = future consumption, l = current leisure, l' = future leisure, and r is the market interest rate.Suppose that the current wage, w = 20 and the future wage w' = 22. a) What is the optimal value of current consumption, c? b) What is the optimal valueof future consumption, c’*?Steve's utility for socks (q1) and other goods (q2) is given by U(q1,q2) = 10q10.1 0.1q² 0.9 The price of the composite good is p2=1 and the price of a pair of socks is p1=2. Steve's income is Y=100. Every year, Steve's mom buys him 20 pairs of socks. How many dollars is the equivalent variation of the $40 that his mom spends on socks every year?
- Assume that someone has inherited 2,000 bottles of wine from a rich uncle. He or she intends to drink these bottles over the next 40 years. Suppose that this person’s utility function for wine is given by u(c(t)) = (c(t))0.5, where c(t) is each instant t consumption of bottles. Assume also this person discounts future consumption at the rate δ = 0.05. Hence this person’s goal is to maximize 0ʃ40 e–0.05tu(c(t))dt = 0ʃ40 e–0.05t(c(t))0.5dt. Let x(t) represent the number of bottle of wine remaining at time t, constrained by x(0) = 2,000, x(40) = 0 and dx(t)/dt = – c(t): the stock of remaining bottles at each instant t is decreased by the consumption of bottles at instant t. The current value Hamiltonian expression yields: H = e–0.05t(c(t))0.5 + λ(– c(t)) + x(t)(dλ/dt). This person’s wine consumption decreases at a continuous rate of ??? percent per year. The number of bottles being consumed in the 30th year is approximately ???Assume you define your permanent income as the average of your income from this and the past four years. Your earnings record over these five years has been: Yt = 40,000, Yt-1 = 38,000, Yt-2 = 34,000, Yt-3 = 32,000, Yt-4 = 31,000. If your income increases next year to Yt+1 = 46,000, by how much will your consumption change if you always consume 90 percent of your permanent income?An agent lives for 2 periods and gains utility only by consuming. Future consumption is discounted at rate θ where 0<θ<1. Agent consumes c, saves s at interest rate r in first period of life from income y. In second period agent consumes from savings plus interest earned but must pay a flat fixed tax. Find the Euler equation for this agent and what it shows.