Scientists have long believed that the 14 species of finches on the Galapagos Islands evolved from a single species of finch that migrated to the islands one to five million years ago. Recent DNA analyses support the conclusion that all of the Galapagos finches evolved from the mainland warbler finch. Different species live on different islands. One of the major changes in the finches is in their beak sizes and shapes. How would an evolutionary biologist today best answer the following question? In the finch population, what are the primary changes that occur gradually over time? A. The proportions of finches having different traits within a population change. B. The traits of each finch within a population gradually change. C. Mutations occur to meet the needs of the finches as the environment changes. D. Successful behaviors learned by the finches are passed on to offspring.

Scientists have long believed that the 14 species of finches on the Galapagos Islands evolved from a single species of finch that migrated to the islands one to five million years ago. Recent DNA analyses support the conclusion that all of the Galapagos finches evolved from the mainland warbler finch. Different species live on different islands. One of the major changes in the finches is in their beak sizes and shapes. How would an evolutionary biologist today best answer the following question? In the finch population, what are the primary changes that occur gradually over time? A. The proportions of finches having different traits within a population change. B. The traits of each finch within a population gradually change. C. Mutations occur to meet the needs of the finches as the environment changes. D. Successful behaviors learned by the finches are passed on to offspring.

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Course List)

11th Edition

ISBN:9781305251052

Author:Michael Cummings

Publisher:Michael Cummings

Chapter19: Population Genetics And Human Evolution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 23QP: The Evolutionary History and Spread of Our Species (Homo sapiens) a. Briefly describe the two major...

See similar textbooks

Similar questions

The upper forelimbs of humans and bats have fairly similar skeletal structures, whereas the corresponding bones in whales have very different shapes and proportions. However, genetic data suggest that all three kinds of organisms diverged from a common ancestor at about the same time. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for these data? Group of answer choices Forelimb evolution was adaptive in people and bats, but not in whales. Natural selection in an aquatic environment resulted in significant changes to whale forelimb anatomy. Humans and bats evolved by natural selection, and whales evolved by Lamarckian mechanisms. Genes mutate faster in whales than in humans or bats.
Anole lizards can be found on many islands in the Caribbean that share similar environmental habitats. Anoles on the different islands share similar ecological morphotypes because of their similar habitats. Anoles on each island have evolved from a common ancestor into a variety of different species that occupy different ecological niches as shown below. Which of the following statements explains how the morphotypes found on one island, and shown in the figure, occurred as a result of speciation? A - Convergent evolution occurred, causing new species to evolve based on diverse new habitats. B - Phenotypic diversification occurred as a result of divergent evolution as the anoles adapted to new habitats. C - Natural selection occurred, so individual anoles with certain phenotypes can survive and reproduce only in a specific ecological niche. D - Reproductive isolation occurred as a result of habitat isolation since the anoles are unable to move into different ecological niches to breed.
The Galapagos Islands are inhabited by organisms that are similar to the organisms on the mainland of South America but they have specific characteristics that set them apart. One of the most famous groups of organisms that has been studied has been the finches. There are at least 13 different species of ground finches found throughout the Galapagos, most likely all coming from a common ancestor that arrived from the mainland of South America in the distant past. Which of the following explanation accurately explains the variation of finches on the Galapagos Islands? Question options: Divergent evolution has occurred because the finches all share characteristics that are similar to the common ancestor but differ because each species occupies different niches that require different characteristics to survive. Convergent evolution has occurred because the finches do not share characteristics that are similar to the common ancestor and differ because each species occupies…
While the French biologist LaMarck was correct in proposing that evolution does occur, he believed that the long necks of giraffes evolved as generations of giraffes reached for ever higher leaves on the trees. Using these observations, LaMarck proposed the theory that evolution occurs due to the inheritance of characteristics acquired during an organism’s lifetime. From what you know about the scientific method, why is this incorrect?
Evolutionary biologists often say that evolution “selects for outcomes” not for the particular genetic changes that lead to that adaptive outcome. Given that perspective, is it surprising that different gene mutations might be involved in the evolution of the same trait (such as light skin or adaptation to living in high mountains)? Why or why not?
Assume that a lineage of rainbow trout accumulates mutations over time that make the trout a uniform dark brown with orange spots and produce a dorsal fin shape that is very different from all other rainbow trouts. This group of rainbow trouts also has lips that are twice the size of other rainbows and they have a much narrower body. How do we know when the natural selection of such characteristics results in a new species of fish?
Humans in the 21st century use their thumbs extensively to operate touchscreens on cellphones. Imagine a scenario, where the human population evolves to have more dexterous thumbs over the next 300 years. Which of the following is a Lamarckian explanation for this evolutionary change (and, therefore, would an incorrect evolutionary mechanism?) humans that develop more dexterity in their thumb over their lifetime due to frequent use of cellphones pass that ability to their children humans that were born with a mutation for more dexterous thumbs have more children thumb dexterity is a dominant trait
Which of the following animals may have been the second pet domesticated by humans, in Egypt or in Turkey (about 10,000 BCE), and probably helped to keep rodents away from cereal crops like wheat? the domesticated dog (Canis familiaris) the gray wolf (Canis lupus) the domesticated cat (Felis catus) the coyote (Canis latrans) the Norwegian rat (Rattus norvegicus) The above domesticated animal is thought to have evolved from which of the following species? the African wildcat the house sparrow the gray wolf the mouse the rat
How might an evolutionary biologist explain why a species of salamander becomes blind after colonizing a cave? Group of answer choices Members of the ancestral population that colonized the cave differed in their ability to see. If maintaining the ability to see in the cave was a waste of energy, blind salamanders might actually have more offspring than those who could see. It is possible that in the cave there is a source of pollution that increases the mutation rate for a gene that makes salamanders blind. Over time, due to exposure to this chemical, the membersof the population lose their sight. There is no way to explain this in terms of natural selection. The members of this salamander species no longer needed to use their eyes. Over time, due to lack of use, they lost the ability to see.
Anole lizards can be found on many islands in the Caribbean that share similar environmental habitats. Anoles on the different islands share similar ecological morphotypes because of their similar habitats. Anoles on each island have evolved from a common ancestor into a variety of different species that occupy different ecological niches as shown below. Which of the following statements explains how the morphotypes found on one island, and shown in the figure, occurred as a result of speciation? Convergent evolution occurred, causing new species to evolve based on diverse new habitats. Phenotypic diversification occurred as a result of divergent evolution as the anoles adapted to new habitats. Natural selection occurred, so individual anoles with certain phenotypes can survive and reproduce only in a specific ecological niche. Reproductive isolation occurred as a result of habitat isolation since the anoles are unable to move into different ecological niches to breed.
Which of the following evidence is not consistent with the idea that evolution is responsible for the diversity of animals we see today? A. The presence of vestigial organs in extant species B. Structural homologies among very different animals C. Fossil records of intermediate life forms D. Earth is not the center of the galaxy or universe Which of the following is not a part of the allopatric speciation by natural selection model? A. Geographically isolated populations evolve or change in response to novel environments. B. Reproductive isolation evolves as a by-product of changes in other traits associated with adapting to new resources or environments. C. Selection against hybridization leads to exaggeration of signals to facilitate recognizing conspecifics( individuals of the same species). D. Changes among or between populations occur while populations are geographically separated. Which of the following is not an example of the evolution of a key innovation (anew trait)…
Four Caribbean islands with similar environmental conditions have three different species of anole lizards with specific ecological morphotypes. Lizards Morphotypes Grass lizards Long tails Canopy lizards Large toe pads Twig lizards Short legs Researchers devised two phylogenetic trees to represent two different hypotheses about how the lizards may have evolved. The first hypothesis is that the different body types evolved repeatedly and independently of each island. The second suggests that each morphotype evolved once and spread to different islands. Which of the following statements best explains which type of data the researchers should use to test these two hypotheses, and which phylogenetic tree correctly shows the evolutionary relationships among anoles? Analyzing DNA samples from the anoles would likely show that phylogenetic tree B is correct since it is likely that each body type evolved once and spread to different islands. Analyzing the…

SEE MORE QUESTIONS

Recommended textbooks for you

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co…

Biology

ISBN:

9781305251052

Author:

Michael Cummings

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co…

Biology

ISBN:

9781305251052

Author:

Michael Cummings

Publisher:

Cengage Learning

SEE MORE TEXTBOOKS

GET THE APP

About FAQ Academic Integrity Sitemap Document Sitemap

Contact Bartleby Contact Research (Essays)High School Textbooks Literature Guides Concept Explainers by Subject Essay Help Mobile App

GET THE APP

Privacy

Your CA Privacy Rights

Your NV Privacy Rights

About Ads

Manage My Data

bartleby, a Learneo, Inc. business

	A.	The proportions of finches having different traits within a population change.
	B.	The traits of each finch within a population gradually change.
	C.	Mutations occur to meet the needs of the finches as the environment changes.
	D.	Successful behaviors learned by the finches are passed on to offspring.