Sickle cell disease is caused by a recessive allele. Individuals with two recessive alleles usually die of sickle cell disease before reaching reproductive age. However, individuals with only one recessive allele show few of the symptoms of the disease. The frequency of the sickle cell gene seems to be highest in populations of central Africa, a region where malaria is common. a) Do heterozygous individuals have a survival advantage over homozygous individuals in this region? Why?
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- 6. Consider that people with blue eyes must have two alleles for blue eyes since blue eye color is a recessive trait. A blue-eyed person and a brown-eyed person have an offspring with blue eyes. The brown-eyed person must A. have two alleles for blue eyes. B. have two alleles for brown eyes. C. not have the dominant brown eye allele. D, have one allele for blue eyes and one allele for brown eyes.5.) A man and a woman living in a tropical area where malaria is prevalent and health care is not accessible have seven children during their lifetime. The genotypes of their children are: ss, Ss, SS, ss, Ss, Ss, and SS. What must the genotypes of both parents be? Your answer should include a Punnett square to illustrate your work, and list all the genotypes and phenotypes.1.Which among the following statements is INCORRECT? A.Phenotype is the pair of genes that carries the genetic makeup of an organism B.Homozygous is a combination of two dominant or two recessive allele C.A recessive allele must be received from both parents to bring about a recessive phenotype D.Heterozygous is a combination of one dominant allele and one recessive allele
- 1)Explain the differences between the following terms:-Gene, allele, and locus-Genotype versus phenotype- Dominant versus recessive2.In dogs, there is a hereditary deafness caused by a recessive allele, d. A kennel owner has a male dog that she wants to use for breeding purposes if possible. The dog can hear, but the owner is unsure of the genotype. She does a testcross (crosses it to a homozygous recessive dog), and two of the five offspring are deaf. This means that the male dog A.has the genotype DD B.has the genotype Dd C.is still of unknown genotype since there were offspring of both deaf and hearing phenotypes. D.has the genotype dd1. The first genetic test used a short DNA sequence that was closely linked to the Huntington’s locus. The linkage distance between the DNA sequence used in the test and the actual Huntington’ disease locus was 5%. a. In a large sample of the Venezuelan family (over 2,000 individuals), what percentage of people would inherit the DNA sequence but not the Huntington’s allele (i.e. be a false positive test for Huntington’s)? b. What percentage of that large Venezuelan family would not inherit the DNA sequence but would inherit the Huntington’s allele (i.e., be a false negative test for Huntington’s)?
- 5. Why is it possible for a trait that is not present in the present generation to appear in the next generation? Explain briefly.4. Define the following terms: A. genotype B. phenotype C. monohybrid D. dihybrid4.) A man and a woman have a child. The father is blood type A, and one of his parents was blood type A and the other was blood type O. The mother is blood type B, and one of her parents was blood type B, the other type O. Both the father and the mother are carriers of the Bombay allele. (Neither of the type-O grandparents were type O because of the Bombay allele – they had the regular type O genotype.) WhataretheoddsthattheirbabywillhavebloodtypeO? WhataretheoddsthattheirbabywillhavebloodtypeAB? (Hint – for this question, you should draw out a pedigree and fill in as much as you can for the genotypes of BOTH genes that are involved.)
- 6. Which of the following ratios from a cross between heterozygotes demonstrates gene interaction? 1:2:1 3:1 12:3:1 2:11: The A and B antigens in humans may be found in water-soluble form in secretions, including saliva, of some individuals (Se/Se and Se/se) but not in others (se/se). The population thus contains “secretors” and “nonsecretors.” (a) Determine the proportion of various phenotypes (blood type and ability to secrete) in matings between individuals that are blood type AB and type O, both of whom are Se/se. (b) How will the results of such matings change if both parents are heterozygous for the gene controlling the synthesis of the H substance (Hh)?Why does sickle cell anemia remain more prevalent in Sub-Saharan Africa than in the rest of the world? a. Reduced access to medical facilities presidposes Sub-Saharan Africans to an increased chance od disease. b. The prevalence of malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa provided a selective advantage to individuals who were heterozygous. c. Infection with malaria provides a selective disadvantage to individuals who are heterozygous for the sickle cell allele. d. People of African ancestry are genetically predisposed to carry the sickle cell allele