Sucrose Sugar C12H22O11 Heptane One of several components in gasoline C5H12 Sulfuric acid Used in car batteries H2SO4 Asbestos Insulator H4Mg3Si2O9 Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Banned pesticide C14H9Cl5 Silicon dioxide Sand SiO2 Iron oxide Rust Fe2O3 Butane Lighter fluid C4H10
Counting Atoms
The formula for a compound indicates the elements that make up the compound and the number of atoms of each element present in the compound. These numbers of atoms are indicated by the use of small numbers called subscripts. Sometimes groups of atoms act as a single atom. When a subscript appears outside the parentheses, it indicates that all the elements inside the parentheses should be multiplied by that subscript. For example, the formula Fe(OH)3 indicates the combination of 1 atom of iron, Fe, 3 atoms of oxygen, O, and 3 atoms of hydrogen, H.
In the following examples, list each element in the compound and the number of atoms of each element present. The first example has been done for you. You may already be familiar with some of the compounds.
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**Use the periodic table link to help you identify the elements used
|
NAME |
USE |
FORMULA |
ATOMS IN FORMULA |
|
Calcium Carbonate |
Limestone |
CaCO3 |
Ca=1 calcium C = 1 carbon O = 3 oxygen |
|
Aspirin |
Pain Reliever |
C9H8O4 |
Carbon : 9 Hydragon : 8 Oxeygen : 4 |
|
Magnesium hydroxide |
Found in milk of magnesia |
Mg(OH)2 |
Mag: 1 Oxygen : 1 Hydrogen : 1 |
|
Acetic acid |
Found in vinegar |
C2H4O2 |
Carbon : 2 Hydrogen : 4 Oxygen : 2 |
|
Trinitrotoluene (TNT) |
Explosive |
C7H5(NO2)3 |
Carbon : 7 Hydrogen : 5 Nitrogen : 3 Oxygen : 6
|
|
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate |
Fertilizer |
Ca(H2PO4)2 |
Calcium : 1 Hydrogen : 4 Phosphorus : 2 Oxygen : 8 |
|
Pyrite |
Fool’s gold |
FeS2 |
Iron : 1 Sulfur : 2 |
|
Sucrose |
Sugar |
C12H22O11 |
|
|
Heptane |
One of several components in gasoline |
C5H12 |
|
|
Sulfuric acid |
Used in car batteries |
H2SO4 |
|
|
Asbestos |
Insulator |
H4Mg3Si2O9 |
|
|
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) |
Banned pesticide |
C14H9Cl5 |
|
|
Silicon dioxide |
Sand |
SiO2 |
|
|
Iron oxide |
Rust |
Fe2O3 |
|
|
Butane |
Lighter fluid |
C4H10 |
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