Suppose that both Friedman and Fisher are absolutely correct. Assume that over many years money supply grows at the rate of 5 percent per year and the rate of growth of real GDP is 3 percent per year. Suppose also that the real interest rate during these years is 2 percent per year. If instead money supply grew at the rate of 7 percent per year, the real interest rate would equal:
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- According to the table, in which year did buyers of six-month Treasury bills receive the highest real return on their investment? O. 1971 O. 1972 O. 1973 O. 1974 O. 1975Please explain the correct answer(s). An investor wants to be able to buy 4 percent more goods and services in the future in order to induce her to invest today. During the investment period, prices are expected to rise by 2 percent. Which statement(s) below is/are true? 1.I. 4 percent is the desired real risk-free interest rate. 2.II. 6 percent is the approximate nominal rate of interest required. 3.III. 2 percent is the expected inflation rate over the period. A) I only B) II only C) III only D) I and II only E) I, II, and IIISuppose that conditions in the economy are such that the after-tax expected real interest rate is described by the equationRa = a X gWhere a is a number that depends on how people value their consumption in one period compared with another period, and g is the growth rate of the economy. The a equals 1 when people prefer consumption to be balanced, with the same amount of consumption each period; a may be bigger than the one when people prefer consumption today over consumption in the future, with a being larger and larger the more impatient people are:A - Suppose that a = 2, g = 0.02, the inflation rate is expected to be steady at pi = 0.03, and the tax rate is .40. What are the values of the equilibrium nominal interest rate and the before-tax expected real interest rate?B - Beginning with the situation in part a, if the growth rate of the economy increases to .04, what are the new values of the equilibrium nominal interest rate and the before-tax expected real interest rate?C -…
- Suppose that conditions in the economy are such that the after-tax expected real interest rate is described by the equationRa = a X gWhere a is a number that depends on how people value their consumption in one period compared with another period, and g is the growth rate of the economy. The a equals 1 when people prefer consumption to be balanced, with the same amount of consumption each period; a may be bigger than the one when people prefer consumption today over consumption in the future, with a being larger and larger the more impatient people are:D - Beginning with the situation in part a, if the expected inflation rate declings to 0.01, what are the new values of the equilibrium nominal interest rate and the before tax expected real interest rate?E - From these results, what general conclusions can you draw about the relationship between the nominal interest rate and the rate of economic growth, the tax rate, and the inflation rate? what about the relationship between the before…Suppose that an economy has a constant nominal money supply, a constant level of real output Y = 1500, and a constant real interest rate r = 0.05, and it’s expected rate of inflation is 2%, i.e, πe = .02. Suppose that the income elasticity of money demand is ηY = 0.5 and the interest elasticity of demand ηi = –0.2. (a) Suppose that Y decreases to 1425, r remains constant at 0.05 and there is no change in the expected rate of inflation. What is the percentage change in the equilibrium price level? (b) Suppose that r increases to 0.06 and Y remains at 1500. Assuming that expected inflation remains at πe = .02, what is the percentage change in the equilibrium price level? (c) Suppose that r increases to 0.06. Assuming that πe = .02, what would real output have to be for the equilibrium price level to remain at its initial value?Suppose that the investment demand curve in a certain economy is such that investment declines by $110 billion for every 1 percentage point increase in the real interest rate. Also, suppose that the investment demand curve shifts rightward by $170 billion at each real interest rate for every 1 percentage point increase in the expected rate of return from investment. If stimulus spending (an expansionary fiscal policy) by government increases the real interest rate by 2 percentage points, but also raises the expected rate of return on investment by 1 percentage point, how much investment, if any, will be crowded out? Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.
- The demand D (in billions of £) for a bond with coupon rate 5% and face value FV = 1000, andtwo years to maturity as a function of its price P is D = 4000 − 2P. The supply in (billions of£) as a function of the price of the bond is S = 2P + 400. b) Suppose that the yield to maturity of the bond is i = 0.05. What is the quantitydemanded/supplied at this interest rate? What happens to the demand/supply of the bond asthe interest rate increases? Explain why. c) What is the equilibrium interest rate?The demand D (in billions of £) for a bond with coupon rate 5% and face value FV = 1000, andtwo years to maturity as a function of its price P is D = 4000 − 2P. The supply in (billions of£) as a function of the price of the bond is S = 2P + 400. b) Suppose that the yield to maturity of the bond is i = 0.05. What is the quantitydemanded/supplied at this interest rate? What happens to the demand/supply of the bond asthe interest rate increases? Explain why. c) What is the equilibrium interest rate? d) Suppose that the bond trades at premium. Is there excess demand or supply? Explain.e) There is a business cycle expansion, so both supply and demand shifts. After the shift, thenew demand curve is given by: D = 4000 + X − 2P, whereas the new supply curve is S =2P + 200. For which values of X will the interest increase/decrease? Which values of X arein line with empirical data?Suppose that consumer spending initially rises by $5 billion for every 1 percent rise in household wealth and that investment spending initially rises by $20 billion for every 1 percentage point fall in the real interest rate. Also assume that the economy�s multiplier is 3. If household wealth falls by 6 percent because of declining house values, and the real interest rate falls by 2 percentage points, in what direction and by how much will the aggregate demand curve initially shift at each price level? The aggregate demand curve will shift_____ by $____ billion. In what direction and by how much will it eventually shift? The aggregate demand curve will shift_____ by $____ billion..
- Over the next three years, the expected path of 1-year interest rate is 4, 1, and 1 percent. Today if you buy $1 of one-year bond and when it matures you use the money you receive to buy another one-year bond, then your expected rate of return for this $1 investment is ____% (round to the nearest integer). If the expectations theory of the term structure is true, then it implies that the current interest rate on 2-year bond must be ____% (round to one decimal place x.x)5 3. permanent Income Hypothesis a) suppose that beta=.9 and R= 2222 (that is ~22%). For an individual who acts according to the PIH, will their consumption next period be higher than current consumption or lower? b) What is the main crucial difference between the Keynesian Consumption function and the consumption function derived from the PIH (or Lifetime Income Hypothesis)? c) If Present Value of future income stream is 500,000 and a person has a beta of.8, how much will their consumption go up today if only today's income increases by 1000? How much will their consumption increase (approximately) if their income goes up by 1000 in all periods?Need only Answer Not explanation 17.In the IS curve, if Y falls for any given level of the real interest rate ________. saving increases output increases consumption decreases all of the above none of the above Q. The marginal product of labor (MPL) is given by the ________. labor share of income - average output per unit of labor labor share of income + average output per unit of labor labor share of income × average output per unit of labor labor share of income ÷ average output per unit of labor none of the above