Suppose that there is a 2.2% chance a planet will develop life, a 3.1% chance that the life will evolve into complex organisms, a 6.1% chance that complex organisms develop into advanced civilizations, and an X% chance that the advanced civilizations become intergalactic. If there are 1,351,006 planets, and we observe only 1 intergalactic civilization, what is the expected value of X? Note that X is in percentage form (e.g. 30.51 not 0.3051). You can round to two decimal places, but do not round until your final answer!
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- Give typing answer with explanation and conclusion Suppose that the government must undertake an irreversible policy decision regarding the extent of air pollution regulation. The government is making this decision in a situation of uncertainty, however. In particular, there is some probability p that the benefits will remain the same as they are this year for all future years, but there is some probability 1 - p that benefits will be less in all future years. If we take into consideration the multiperiod aspects, should we err on the side of overregulation or underregulation, compared to what we would do in a single-period choice?Adam is considering what skills to study in online school. Her utility function is based on the income she earns, and is defined by U(I) = I0.8. If she learns the skill of SPSS, she will earn $145,000 per year with probability 1. If she learns the skill of Tableau, she will earn $300,000 per year with probability 0.6 (assuming that she gets the certificate) and $30,000 with probability 0.4 (if she learns without earning a certificate and she has to find a waiter job). a. Is she risk averse, risk neutral, or risk loving? Explain.b. Write out the equation for her expected utility for each skill. c.Which skill will she learn? Show your work. d.Suppose someone offers her insurance for the possibility that she does not get a Tableau certificate. This insurance will provide her an amount of income in addition to the waiter job wages that makes her indifferent between learning SPSS and Tableau. What is this amount, and what is the cost of the insurance? (note: many possible answers)Q) how to solve d? for scotland its suppose to be 150 (from 100*0.5) for grapesland its suppose to be 250, but how do you get this answer?
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- The market research department at a manufacturing plant determines that 30% of the people who purchase the plant's product during any month will not purchase it the next month. On the other hand, 40% of the people who do not purchase the product during any month will purchase it the next month. In a population of 1000 people, 200 people purchased the product this month. How many will purchase the product next month and in 2 months? (a) next month___?___ people (b) in 2 months __?___ peopleSuppose that Var(X) = 661.1, Var(X) = 8021.53, and Cov(X,Y) = 1922.11. What is Var(.64X + .36Y)? Suppose that Var(X) = 869.03, Var(X) = 7850.84, and Cov(X,Y) = 2238.69. What is Var(.67X + .33Y)?Suppose Grace and Lisa are to go to dinner. Lisa is visiting Grace from outof town, and they are to meet at a local restaurant. When Lisa lived in town,they had two favorite restaurants: Bel Loc Diner and the Corner Stable. Ofcourse, Lisa’s information is out of date, but Grace knows which is betterthese days. Assume that the probability that the Bel Loc Diner is better isp > 1/2 and the probability that the Corner Stable is better is 1 - p. Naturedetermines which restaurant Grace thinks is better. Grace then sends amessage to Lisa, either “Let’s go to the Bel Loc Diner,” “Let’s go to theCorner Stable,” or “I don’t know [which is better].” Lisa receives the message, and then Grace and Lisa simultaneously decide which restaurant to go to. Payoffs are such that Grace and Lisa want to go to the same restaurant, but they prefer it to be the one that Grace thinks is better. More specifically, if, in fact, the Bel Loc Diner is better, then the payoffs from theiractions are as shown in the…