Suppose that we have numerical representations (V1, ... , VI) for the preferences (≻i) of our I consumers, and we are using a weighted utilitarian social welfare functional for some given collection of weights (ai) to make social choices. Show that we can change to the (equal-weighted) utilitarian social welfare functional without changing the choices that are made by changing at the same time the numerical representations of the preferences (≻i).s
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Suppose that we have numerical representations (V1, ... , VI) for the preferences (≻i) of our I consumers, and we are using a weighted utilitarian social welfare functional for some given collection of weights (ai) to make social choices. Show that we can change to the (equal-weighted) utilitarian social welfare functional without changing the choices that are made by changing at the same time the numerical representations of the preferences (≻i).s
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- How Bergson-Samuelson Social Welfare Function used in a model that considers a society's desire for both Pareto optimality and fairness, Mention all necessary assumptions and specify the conditions that ensure a general equilibrium and social welfareThe utility possibility frontier for two individuals is given byUA + 2UB = 200.(a) On the graph paper provided, plot the utility possibility frontier.(b) Based on the function W(UA, UB) =max{UA, UB} on the utilitypossibility frontier in part (a), in order to maximize a Nietzschean social welfarefunction, what should be the values of UA and UB?(c) If we use a Rawlsian criterion, W(UA, UB) =min{UA, UB}, in orderto maximize the social welfare function, what should be the values of UA and UB?(d) If the social welfare is given by W(UA, UB) = U1/2A, U1/2B, in thiscase, with the utility possibility frontier in part (a) what should be the values ofUA and UB if social welfare is to be maximize?On the same graph plotted in part (a), show the three socialmaxima by drawing a Nietzschean isowelfare line through the Nietzscheanmaximum, a Rawlsian isowelfare line through the Rawlsian maximum and aCobb-Douglas isowelfare line through the Cobb-Douglas maximum.Suppose X = R k + for some k ≥ 2, and we define x = (x1 , …, xk ) ≥ = (y1 , …, yk ) if x ≥ y; that is, if for each i = 1, …, k, xi ≥ yi . (This is known as the Pareto ordering on R k + ; it plays an important role in the context of social choice theory in Chapter 8.) (a) Show that ≥ is transitive but not complete. (b) Characterize ≥ Is asymmetric? Is≥ Negatively transitive? Prove your assertions. (c) Characterize ~ defined from ≥ in the usual fashion; that is, x ~ y if x ≥ y and y x. Is ~ reflexive? Symmetric? Transitive? Prove your assertions.
- Explain the concept of the utility possibility frontier. What is the role of the utilitypossibility frontier in the social welfare maximization problem of a welfarist society?Tess and Lex earn $40,000 per year and all earnings are spent on consumption (c). Tess and Lex both have the utility function c. Both could experience an adverse event that results in earnings of $0 per year. Tess has a 1% chance of experiencing an adverse event and Lex has a 12% chance of experiencing an adverse event. Tess and Lex are both aware of their risk of an adverse event. Assume the social welfare function is the sum of the Tess’ and Lex’s utility functions. Select the correct statement regarding the explanation for what has happened in the private market and the role of social insurance. a.Adverse section has lead to market failure. The government could improve social welfare by providing full insurance and charging the average of actuarially fair premiums. b.Adverse section has lead to market failure. The government could improve social welfare by providing partial insurance at an actuarially fair premium. c.Moral Hazard has lead to market failure. The government…A fixed amount of a good has to be allocated between two individuals, h = 1; 2 with utility functions Where xh is the amount of the good allocated to consumer h. a. How should be allocated to maximize a utilitarian SWF? Illustrate the answer graphically. How do the optimal values of x1 and x2 change among the cases a1 2, a1 = a2, and a1 > a2? b. What is the allocation maximizing the Bernoulli-Nash SWF ? Illustrate graphically. How do the optimal values of x1 and x2 change with the preference parameters a1 and a2? c. What is the allocation maximizing the maxim in-Rawlins SWF? Illustrate graphically. How does the allocation change with preference parameters a1 and a2?
- What assumptions are required for the two fundamental theorems of welfare economics to hold? Are these so strong that the theorems are devoid of practical relevance?Please explain how Jack and Cody can maxmise utility through living in the same household with a unitary and non-unitary models. Unitary models - Mutual altruism (or any unitary model) Non-unitary models - Copertive models - Collective + Bargaining model.(or any Non-unitary models)TRUE OR FALSE Social welfare indifference curves are useful in discussions about the tradeoffs facing society.
- Consider an Edgeworth box economy, where preferences and endowments are given by. ( attached below ) In the following, use the normalization p2 = 1.(a) Find all the Pareto optimal allocations (use x1 to parameterize thePO allocations). (b) Suppose the government wants individual 1 to have the bundle x1 = (5, 9). Show whether the government can induce this outcome an equilib- rium with transfers. Find the supporting prices and transfers if possible. (c) State the Second Fundamental Theorem of Welfare and explain how the result in part (b) relates to that theorem. (d) Suppose the government does not care what bundle individual 1 gets and only wants to ensure that the individual 1 receives utility level equal to 45. Show whether this can be achieved as an equilibrium with transfers. Find the supporting prices and transfers if possible.Question 2 Demonstrate, by way of example, and explain fully, taking noting of the underlying assumptions, how you would derive Hicksian and Marshallian demand functions. What are the differences between these? Question 3 In the Walrasian world, Pareto optimal allocations are crucial in establishing an equilibrium outcome with respect to welfare. Give an exposition of the two Welfare Theorems, demonstrating also that they are Pareto efficientPerson 1 and person 2 are the only two residents of an economy. Person i (where i is either 1 or 2) has the utility function Here, Yi is person i’s income and β is parameter between 0 and 1. Assume that the social welfare function is where α is a parameter between 0 and 1. Initially, person 1’s income is 1 and person 2’s income is 2. a) Express W in terms of Y1 and Y2. If a social indifference curve shows all the pairs (Y1, Y2) that yield the same value of W, what would a social indifference curve look like if it were drawn in the (Y1, Y2) quadrant? Find an algebraic expression for the slope of a social indifference curve. b) Imagine that income redistribution is costless, in the sense that the economy can reach any pair (Y1, Y2) that satisfies the condition Draw a graph of the attainable pairs in the (Y1, Y2) quadrant. This set is called the “utility possibility frontier.” Using this frontier and the social indifference curves,…