Suppose the economywide demand for money is given by: M = P(0.2Y – 25,000i). The price level Pequals 3, and real output Y equals 8,000. At what value should the Fed set the nominal money supply if it wants to set the nominal interestrate at 2 percent?
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At what value should the Fed set the nominal money supply if it wants to set the nominal interestrate at 2 percent?
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- Suppose the economywide demand for money is given by: M = P(0.3Y − 25,000i). The price level P equals 3, and real output Y equals 8,000. a. At what value should the Fed set the nominal money supply if it wants to set the nominal interest rate at 2 percent? The nominal money supply should be set at $ . b. At what value should the Fed set the nominal money supply if it wants to set the nominal interest rate at 3 percent? The nominal money supply should be set at $ .The demand for real money balances is given by , where M is the quantity of money, P is the price level, Y is output, and i is the nominal interest rate which is measured in percent. At the beginning of the year, the nominal interest rate is 5%. Over the year, the monetary base increases by 4%, the money multiplier increases by 2%, the output increases by 1% percent, and the nominal interest rate decreases by 10 BASIS POINTS. (a) If the ex ante real interest rate equals 0.5%, find the expected inflation rate at the beginning of the year. (b) Calculate the percentage change in the velocity of money. (c) [In answering this question, you are allowed to use the approximations regarding percentage changes; see page 4 of the math review (slide set 3).] Calculate the actual inflation rate. (d) Is it true that purchasing power was transferred from lenders to borrowers?Assume that the demand for real money balance (M / P) is M / P = 0.8Y – 200i, where Y is national income, and i is the nominal interest rate (in percent). The real interest rate r is fixed at 5 percent by the investment and saving functions. The expected inflation rate equals the rate of nominal money growth. If Y is 2,500, P is 1.2, and the growth rate of nominal money is 2 percent, what must i and M be? Show all your work, show formula used and explain why.
- Suppose the money demand function is = 1000 + 0.2Y - 1000 (r + πe). Required (a.) Calculate velocity if Y = 2000, r = 0.06, and πe = 0.04. (b.) If the money supply (Ms) is 2600, what is the price level? (c.) Now suppose the real interest rate rises to 0.11, but Y and Ms are unchanged. What happens to velocity and the price level? (d.) For part (c.), if the nominal interest rate were to rise from 0.10 to 0.15 over the course of a year, with Y remaining at 2000, what would the inflation rate be?Lowering the nominal interest rate: Suppose the Fed announces today that it islowering the fed funds rate by 50 “basis points” (that is, by half a percentage point). Using the IS-MP diagram, explain what happens to economic activ-ity in the short run.According to the transmission mechanism of money,a. For constant output, if the real money supply exceeds the real quantity of money demanded, what will happen to the real interest rate that clears the asset market? (In describing the adjustment of the real interest rate, use the relationship that exists between the price of a non-monetary asset and the interest rate that it pays). Is money effective? (Does the change in nominal money supply cause real output to change?). Explain with details.
- Assume the money supply is $300, the velocity of money is 5, and the price level is 1. Using the quantity theory of money: a. Determine the level of real output. b. Determine the level of nominal output. c. Assuming velocity remains constant, what will happen if the money supply rises 20 percent? Real output would be $C, and real output would be $|Assume that at a Monetary Policy Committee meeting the South African Reserve Bank decides to increase the repo rate. what is the impact of a higher repo rate be on real production (Y) and pricesNow, consider an economy in which the demand for money is of the formY(1 + it)for t = 0, 1, 2, · · · , where output is 150 and it denotes the nominal interest rate inperiod t. The REAL INTEREST RATE, denoted r, is constant and equal to 4%. In period0 and 1, the money supply is 100 and people expect that money supply wouldbe 100 forever. People have rational expectations. In period 2, the central banksurprises people and sets the money supply will grow at 2 percent forever, that is,M0 = 100, M1 = 100, M2 = (1.02)M1, M3 = (1.02)M2, and so on. A. Find the inflation rate, nominal interest rate, real money balance in period 1,and expected inflation in period 2, given the information available in period1, π1, i1,M1 / P1, and, E1π2. B. Find the inflation rate, nominal interest rate, real money balance in period 2,and expected inflation in period 3, given the information available in period 2. (π2, i2, M2 / P2 and E2π3.) C. Find the inflation rate, nominal interest rate, and real money…
- Now, consider an economy in which the demand for money is of the formY / (1 + it) for t = 0, 1, 2, · · · , where output is 150 and it denotes the nominal interest rate inperiod t. The real interest rate, denoted r, is constant and equal to 4%. In period0 and 1, the money supply is 100 and people expect that money supply wouldbe 100 forever. People have rational expectations. In period 2, the central banksurprises people and sets the money supply will grow at 2 percent forever, that is,M0 = 100, M1 = 100, M2 = (1.02)M1, M3 = (1.02)M2, and so on. A . Find the inflation rate, nominal interest rate, real money balance in period 1,and expected inflation in period 2, given the information available in period1, π1, i1, M1 / P1 and, E1π2. B . Find the inflation rate, nominal interest rate, real money balance in period 2, and expected inflation in period 3, given the information available in period 2, π2, i2, M2 / P2 and E2π3. C . Compare E1π2 and π2.Suppose that the central bank buys $1.5 million worth of government bonds from banks. Suppose that the banks desired reserve ratio is 0.25. What happens to the price of bonds and to the nominal interest rate? Justify your answer and mention the direction of change.consider an economy in which the demand for money is of the formY / (1 + it)for t = 0, 1, 2, · · · , where output is 150 and it denotes the nominal interest rate in period t. The real interest rate, denoted r, is constant and equal to 4%. In period0 and 1, the money supply is 100 and people expect that money supply wouldbe 100 forever. People have rational expectations. In period 2, the central banksurprises people and sets the money supply will grow at 2 percent forever, that is,M0 = 100, M1 = 100, M2 = (1.02)M1, M3 = (1.02)M2, and so on. A. Find the inflation rate, nominal interest rate, real money balance in period 1,and expected inflation in period 2, given the information available in period1, π1, i1, M1/P1 and, E1π2. B. Find the inflation rate, nominal interest rate, real money balance in period 2, and expected inflation in period 3, given the information available in period2, π2, i2, M2 / P2 and, E2π3. C. Find the inflation rate, nominal interest rate, and real money…