Suppose you have a mixture of these three compounds. Devise a chemical procedure based on their relative acidity or basicity to separate and isolate each in pure form. H3C- -NO2 H3C- NH2 H3C- OH- 4-Nitrotoluene 4-Methylaniline (p-Toluidine) 4-Methylphenol (p-Cresol)
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- 1. Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing acidity and explain the reason for the arrangement: Ethanoic acid, Butanoic Acid, Benzoic Acid, Salicyclic acid. 2. Arrange the test samples in order of increasing reactivity with sodium bicarbonate? Explain briefly. -Ethanoic acid, Butanoic acid, Benzoic acid(a) Arrange the following compounds in an increasing order of their indicated property :(i) Benzoic acid, 4-Nitrobenzoic acid, 3,4-Dinitrobenzoic acid, 4-Methoxybenzoic acid (acid strength)(ii) CH3CH2CH (Br) COOH, CH3CH (Br) CH2COOH,(CH3)2CHCOOH, CH3CH2CH2COOH (acid strength)(b) How would you bring about the following conversions :(i) Propanone to Propene (ii) Benzoic acid to Benzaldehyde(iii) Bromobenzene to 1-phenylethanolExplain this statement: Although 2-methoxyacetic acid (CH3OCH2COOH) is a stronger acid than acetic acid (CH3COOH), p-methoxybenzoic acid (CH3OC6H4COOH) is a weaker acid than benzoic acid (C6H5COOH).
- Explain this statement: Although 2-methoxyacetic acid (CH3OCH2COOH)is a stronger acid than acetic acid (CH3COOH), p-methoxybenzoic acid(CH3OC6H4COOH) is a weaker acid than benzoic acid (C6H5COOH).Rank the compunds in the order of increasing acidity.a. Phenol, p-methylphenol, p-(trifluoromethyl)phenolb. Benzyl alcohol, phenol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid Illustrate and explain your answerArrange these compounds in order of increasing acidity: 2,4-dichlorophenol, phenol, cyclohexanol.
- 1. Arrange the test samples in order of increasing reactivity with sodium bicarbonate? Explain briefly -Ethanoic acid, Butanoic acid, Benzoic acid 2. Arrange the test samples in order of increasing solubility in water? Explain briefly. -Ethylamine, Diethylamine, Aniline 3. Arrange the test samples in order of increasing basicity? Explain briefly. -NaOH, Ethylamine, Aniline(a) Give chemical tests to distinguish between :(i) Propanol and propanone (ii) Benzaldehyde and acetophenone(b) Arrange the following compounds in an increasing order of their property as indicated :(i) Acetaldehyde, Acetone, Methyl tert-butyl ketone (reactivity towards HCN)(ii) Benzoic acid, 3,4-Dinitrobenzoic acid, 4-Methoxybenzoic acid (acid strength)(iii) CH3CH2CH (Br) COOH, CH3CH (Br) CH2COOH, (CH3)2CHCOOH (acid strength)use your knowledge of acid-base extraction to come up with a plan to separate the following compounds from each other. Your plan should include specific solvents or reagents to be used and result in 4 isolated solids in the end. p-anisidine pyrene salicylic acid: 2,3-xylenol *Here is an hint and example: p=Anisidine is an amine, xylenol is a phenol, and salicylic acid has COOH and phenol groups. Always start with identifying the functional groups and you either add acids or bases to react then after you get your layer, you extract and normally you will get precipitation at the bottom and you collect it by vacuum iteration, solate the amine by extracting with HCl. The ammonium salt will be in the aqueous layer. Neutralize it by adding base (NaOH) until the solution is basic. Collect the amine(which we expect to precipitate) by vacuum filtration.
- You could extract caffeine from neutral organics by treatment with aqueous HCl (acid). Write the structure of the conjugate acid of caffeine (after treatment with HCl) and explain why it would dissolve in the aqueous layer.(a) Write the structures of main products when aniline reacts with the following reagents :(i) Br2 water (ii) HCI (iii) (CH3CO)2O/pyridine(b) Arrange the following in the increasing order of their boiling point :C2H5NH2, C2H5OH, (CH3)3N(c) Give a simple chemical test to distinguish between the following pair of compounds : (CH3)2NH and (CH3)3NPhenols are less acidic than carboxylic acids, with values of pKa around 10. Phenols aredeprotonated by (and therefore soluble in) solutions of sodium hydroxide but not by solutions of sodium bicarbonate. Explain how you would use extractions to isolate the three purecompounds from a mixture of p-cresol (p-methylphenol), cyclohexanone, and benzoic acid.