TABLE 26.2 Characteristics of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya Characteristic Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Nucleus Present Organelles Absent Peptidoglycan in cell walls Absent Size of ribosomes Initiator TRNA Methionine RNA polymerases Several* Ribosomes sensitive to No chloramphenicol and streptomycin Ribosomes sensitive to No diptheria toxin The archaeal RNA polymerase is more similar to eukaryotic polymerases than bacterial polymerases. Methionine three 70S Yes present methionine 3 Absent One 80S no one Three yes absent No Present

TABLE 26.2 Characteristics of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya Characteristic Bacteria Archaea Eukarya Nucleus Present Organelles Absent Peptidoglycan in cell walls Absent Size of ribosomes Initiator TRNA Methionine RNA polymerases Several* Ribosomes sensitive to No chloramphenicol and streptomycin Ribosomes sensitive to No diptheria toxin The archaeal RNA polymerase is more similar to eukaryotic polymerases than bacterial polymerases. Methionine three 70S Yes present methionine 3 Absent One 80S no one Three yes absent No Present

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter13: Diversity Of Microbes, Fungi, And Protists

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1ACQ: Figure 13.6 Which of the following statements is true? a. Gram-positive bacteria have a single cell...

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Figure 13.6 Which of the following statements is true? a. Gram-positive bacteria have a single cell wall formed from peptidoglycan. b. Gram-positive bacteria have an outer membrane. c. The cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria is thick, and the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria is thin. d. Gram-negative bacteria have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, while Gram-positive bacteria have a cell wall made of phospholipids.
Microbiologists announced the discovery of over 30 new species of bacteria that thrivebetween the teeth and gums of humans. The bacteria could not be grown in the researchers’ laboratories,nor were any of them ever observed via any kind of microscopy. If they couldn’t culture them or see them,how could the researchers know they had discovered new species? If they couldn’t examine the cells for thepresence of a nucleus, how did they determine that the organisms were prokaryotes and not eukaryotes?
Explain the statement that both types, bacteria and archaea, have the same basic structures, but built from different chemical components.
la celula animal presenta, excepto A)lisosomas B)cloroplastos C)mitocondrias D)nucleo E)ribosomas
For the microne Ideonella sakaiensis if your microbe is cellular, include:o the general life cycleo the cell cycle and DNA replicationo how the cell divides state if it is eukaryotic or prokaryotic state the type of cell membrane/wall
A bacterium has the following characteristics:∙ It adheres to the human intestinal lining using a feature that protects it from phagocytes, bacteriophages, and dehydration∙ It can survive being boiled∙ It contains no plasmids and relatively little peptidoglycanWhich of the following characteristics allows this bacterium to adhere to the intestinal lining? Group of answer choices A. fimbriae B. pili C. an endospore D. a flagellum
51. which of the following describes lichensa. symbiotic partnership of two separate organismsb. colorlessc. no special structuresd. grow in moist places52. these are organisms that live on dean organic mattera. saprobesb. heterotrophsc. decomposers53. These are terestial fungi with a well developed, coenocytic, haploid myceliuma. ascomycotab. basidiomycotac. zycomycotad. deuteromycota54. the following comprises basidiomycota except for _____a. verticilliumb. mushroomsc. plant smutd. rust55. what is the most diverse group of extant fungi?a. zycomycotab. deuteromycotac. ascomycotad. basidiomycota THANK YOU
The bacteria which oxidize various inorganic substancesand use the released energy for the synthesis of food arecalled _______________.(a) Archaebacteria(b) Heterotrophic bacteria(c) Photosynthetic autotrophic bacteria(d) Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria Please try to break the solutions into as many steps as practically possible and the steps should come one by one and they should be short and crisp and plagiarism-free.
17) The peptidoglycan layers are anchored to the cell membrane by: a) tetrapeptide chain b) dipeptide molecule c) teichoic acid d) lipoteichoic acid e) c & d18) The peptidoglycan region in Gram +Ve bacteria is strengthened with ___ cross bridges of: a) Lipopolysaccahride b) Archaeol c) Hopanoids d) Polypeptides e) FtsZ19) The fluid or region present between the inner membrane and the outer membrane of some bacteria is called: a) periplasm b) ectoplasm c) circumplasm d) lophoplasm e) amphiplasm
47. All the following characteristics can describe bacterial colony’s shape and form except: a) Colony margins b) Form c) surface characteristics d) presence or absence 0f an outer membrane in the bacteria 48. A box shaped bacterial arrangement made of 8 spherical looking bacteria is called: a) Staphylobacillus b) Sarcina c) Octococcus d) Diplotetrad 49.
The unicellular, rod-shaped bacterium E. coli is~2 μm long and 0.8 μm wide, and has a genomeconsisting of a single 4.6 Mb circular DNA molecule. The unicellular archaean Methanosarcinaacetivorans is spherical (coccus-shaped) with adiameter of 3 μm and has a 5.7 Mb circular genome.The unicellular eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiaeis roughly spherical, with a diameter of 5–10 μm.It has a haploid genome of 12 Mb divided among16 linear chromosomes. Given these descriptions,how could you determine whether a new, uncharacterized microorganism was a bacterium, an archaean,or a eukaryote?
Among prokaryotes, only the cyanobacteria ________ .a. live near hydrothermal ventsb. produce oxygen during photosynthesisc. cannot tolerate oxygend. have a nucleus-like structure