The aminoacyl- RNA synthetase enzymes are responsible for: O A. matching each TRNA with the appropriate mRNA codon. B. catalyzing the enzymatic step of peptide bond formation during translation. O C. synthesizing TRNA molecules in the nucleus from TRNA genes. O D. adding amino acids to appropriate RNAS (charging the TRNA). O E. regulating the process of amino acid synthesis.

The aminoacyl- RNA synthetase enzymes are responsible for: O A. matching each TRNA with the appropriate mRNA codon. B. catalyzing the enzymatic step of peptide bond formation during translation. O C. synthesizing TRNA molecules in the nucleus from TRNA genes. O D. adding amino acids to appropriate RNAS (charging the TRNA). O E. regulating the process of amino acid synthesis.

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Description: The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes are responsible for:O A. matching each tRNA with the appropriate mRNA codon.O B. catalyzing the enzymatic step of peptide bond formation during translation.O C. synthesizing tRNA molecules in the nucleus from tR

Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (MindTap Course List)

5th Edition

ISBN:9781305117396

Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter7: Gene Expression And Control

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1CT

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A particular tRNA is mutated so that the amino acid attachment cannot bind with the aminoacyl-tRNA synthase. What happens when an mRNA transcript contains the codon for this tRNA? A. The tRNA will not bind to this codon. B. Translation stops and the protein is released. C The wrong tRNA is added to the protein chain. D. Translation stops and the protein remains bound to the ribosome.
Which of the following regions on the tRNA are composed of a sequence of nucleotides? a. anticodon that binds to codon in mRNA b. anticodon that binds to codon in ribosomes c. anticodon that binds to codon in tRNA synthetase d. none of the above
Which of the following BEST describes the characteristics and function of siRNA? A. a short strand of RNA that can complement and inactivate a sequence of mRNA B. a short strand of RNA that can act as a transcription factor to initiate transcription C. a strand of DNA that can bind to and inactivate an mRNA sequence D. a tRNA that is not able to attach to a ribosome and therefore inhibits the process of translation
Which of the following steps in protein synthesis does not require a direct supply of energy? a. proofreading step by certain aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases b. translocation of mRNA in a ribosome c. linkage of an amino acid to its cognate tRNA d. alignment of a tRNA anticodon with an mRNA codon
Which of the following best describes tRNA? a. Provides the instructions for the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide b. Complexes with ribosomal proteins to form ribosomes c. Used for eukaryotic RNA processing d. Transports amino acids to ribosomes during translation
Which of the following is not true? A.) A single activating enzyme can interact with all the tRNAs for its corresponding amino acid B.) The selectivity of the aminoacyl-tRNA sunthetases for their tRNA molecules is oftern called the second Genetic code C.) There are two major classes of aminoacyl-tRNA syntetases D.) Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases link amino acids to tRNA molecules without the need for an energy source
The anticodon of a particular tRNA molecule is(A) complementary to the corresponding mRNA codon.(B) complementary to the corresponding triplet in rRNA.(C) the part of tRNA that bonds to a specific amino acid.(D) catalytic, making the tRNA a ribozyme.
According to the adaptor hypothesis, is each the following statementstrue or false?A. The sequence of an anticodon in a tRNA directly recognizes acodon sequence in mRNA, with some allowance for wobble.B. The amino acid attached to the tRNA directly recognizes acodon sequence in mRNA.C. The amino acid attached to the tRNA affects the binding of thetRNA to a codon sequence in mRNA.
The number of codon binding sites in an mRNA-ribosome complex that can be occupied at the same time by activated tRNA molecules is; * A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 Which is a characteristics of the normal genetic code? * A. one codon can code for only one amino acid B. one amino acid can have only one codon C. one tRNA molecule can bind to only one codon D. one aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase can react with only one tRNA Which of the following describes the effect of a point mutation on amino acid identity in a protein? * A. The identity of two amino acid must change B. The identity of one amino acid may change C. The identity of one amino acid must change D. The identity of one amino acid never change Which of the following statements is true regarding introns? *…
The codon UUU in an mRNA molecule which results in phenylalanine being inserted as the protein is made. Which will be a characteristic of this codon? a. The tRNA molecule that binds to the UUU codon must have an AAA anticodon. Nde ba e2? b. UUU could code for both phenylalanine and alanine during translation. c. The aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase for phenylalanine binds only the UUU codon. d. UUU is probably only one of several codons that code for phenylalanine.
A mutation in DNA generates a aUGA stop codon in the middle of the mRNA coding for a particular protein. A second mutation in the cell’s DNA leads to a single nucleotide change in a tRNA that allows the correct translation of the protein; that is, the second mutation “suppresses” the defect caused by the first. the altered trNA translates the UGA as tryptophan. What nucleotide change has probably occurred in the mutant tRNA molecule? What consequences would the presence of such a mutant tRNA have for the translation of the normal genes in this cell?
Which of the following statements best describes the initiation of translation? A) The large and small ribosomal subunits scan the mRNA in the 3'–5' direction until the promoter is reached. B) A tRNA with the anticodon, AUG, enters the ribosomal complex and binds to the mRNA at the A site. C) The mRNA containing the start codon, AUG, sits at the P site and forms a complex with the corresponding tRNA, and the large and small ribosomal subunits. D) The mRNA attaches to the large ribosomal subunit and once the start codon reaches the A site, the tRNA binds and the small subunit completes the complex.