The amplitude equations indicate the envelope of the radio-frequency directly. The side band equations refer to the number, amplitude, and phase of the side bands produced by modulation. In the modulation vector equations, corresponding side bands are combined in pairs to form a "modulation vector." This is a r-f magnitude, rotating with the angular velocity of the carrier and its amplitude is simultaneously being changed at an audio rate. The main results derived from a discussion of these equations are: In phase and frequency modulation an infinite number of side bands is produced. Amplitude modulation produces but one pair of side bands. In amplitude modulation the modulation vector, representing the first pair of side bands is in phase with the carrier. In phase and frequency modulation, it is 90 degrees out of phase with respect to the carrier. Frequency modulation is equivalent to a phase modulation in which the phase shift is inversely proportional to the audio frequency. By means of the modulation vector, a new vector diagram of the phase modulation is given. In the second part, amplitude modulation is considered in which undesired phase or frequency modulation or a combination of the two takes place simultaneously. Assume necessary data. Determine the perwissable range inmaxinum modulation index for : Commercial FM which has 10 Hz to 20 KHz modulating frequencies

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The amplitude equations indicate the envelope of the radio-frequency directly. The side
band equations refer to the number, amplitude, and phase of the side bands produced by
modulation. In the modulation vector equations, corresponding side bands are combined in
pairs to form a "modulation vector." This is a r-f magnitude, rotating with the angular velocity
of the carrier and its amplitude is simultaneously being changed at an audio rate. The main
results derived from a discussion of these equations are: In phase and frequency
modulation an infinite number of side bands is produced. Amplitude modulation produces
but one pair of side bands. In amplitude modulation the modulation vector, representing the
first pair of side bands is in phase with the carrier. In phase and frequency modulation, it is
90 degrees out of phase with respect to the carrier. Frequency modulation is equivalent to a
phase modulation in which the phase shift is inversely proportional to the audio frequency.
By means of the modulation vector, a new vector diagram of the phase modulation is given.
In the second part, amplitude modulation is considered in which undesired phase or
frequency modulation or a combination of the two takes place simultaneously.
Assume necessary data.
Determine the permissable range inmaxinum modulation index for : Commercial FM which has 10 Hz
to 20 KHz modulating frequencies
Transcribed Image Text:The amplitude equations indicate the envelope of the radio-frequency directly. The side band equations refer to the number, amplitude, and phase of the side bands produced by modulation. In the modulation vector equations, corresponding side bands are combined in pairs to form a "modulation vector." This is a r-f magnitude, rotating with the angular velocity of the carrier and its amplitude is simultaneously being changed at an audio rate. The main results derived from a discussion of these equations are: In phase and frequency modulation an infinite number of side bands is produced. Amplitude modulation produces but one pair of side bands. In amplitude modulation the modulation vector, representing the first pair of side bands is in phase with the carrier. In phase and frequency modulation, it is 90 degrees out of phase with respect to the carrier. Frequency modulation is equivalent to a phase modulation in which the phase shift is inversely proportional to the audio frequency. By means of the modulation vector, a new vector diagram of the phase modulation is given. In the second part, amplitude modulation is considered in which undesired phase or frequency modulation or a combination of the two takes place simultaneously. Assume necessary data. Determine the permissable range inmaxinum modulation index for : Commercial FM which has 10 Hz to 20 KHz modulating frequencies
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