The arterial p02 is relatively low in an individual suffering from congestive heart failure because:

Q: Describe the autonomic innervation of the heart.

A: The heart is innervated by sympathetic and parasympathetic fibres from the autonomic branch of the…

Q: Estimate the ejection fraction of the failing heart at a typical normal end-diastolic volume?

A: Ejection fraction estimation - It is the measurement of the amount of blood pump from left ventricle…

Q: Explain how an action potential occurs in cardiac contractile fibers.

A: The automatic rhythmicity of the heart is its ability to contract spontaneously and at regular rate.…

Q: Given heart rate = 72 bpm, stroke volume = 70 mL, calculate cardiac output.

A: Stroke volume: All the blood from body enters into right atrium from where it is pumped into right…

Q: Explain the electrical and mechanical events in the cardiac cycle, including their relationship to…

A: The sequence of events performed by the heart from one heartbeat to the commencement of next is…

Q: What causes heart murmers in diastole and in systole

A: Diastole:It is the phase of the heartbeat when the heart muscle relaxes and allows the chambers to…

Q: Pulse pressure is increased by

A: The pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure. It is…

Q: The pressure sensors in the major arteries near the head are called ____ .

A: Blood pressure is the pressure of blood against blood vessels. It is the pressure exerted in the…

Q: Describe the pressure changes in the atria and ventriclesduring a cardiac cycle.

A: The heart is an organ found in animals which is specialised to pump blood in the body. The heart is…

Q: A person’s cardiac output is 7 L/min and mean arterial pressure is 140 mmHg. What is the person’s…

A: The mean arterial pressure defines the average volume of blood present in the blood vessels which is…

Q: Explain the absence of peripheral pulses in ventricularfibrillation.

A: In the human circulatory system, the heart is considered the central organ that plays a significant…

Q: Describe the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic neuronal stimulation on heart rate.

A: the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic neuronal stimulation on heart rate are:

Q: List other factors that affect heart rate

A: Heart rate is the rate at which heart beats per minute. The average adult heart rate is 72 beats per…

Q: List the normal value for resting heart rate

A: The human circulatory system or the blood vascular system consists of a muscular chambered heart, a…

Q: Imagine that you are feeling very anxious as you walk to the podium to deliver a speech. If your…

A: Ans: Cardiac output: The cardiac out put is the amount of blood pumped by heart to different organs…

Q: A person has a left atrial pressure of 20 mmHg and a left ventricular pressure of 5 mmHg during…

A: The cardiac cycle can be categorized into different phases on the basis of the contraction and…

Q: Define the terms contractility, preload, and afterload, and explain how these factors affect the…

A: Ans: Cardiac output: The heats efficiency is calculated by the volume of blood it pumps to the…

Q: Although not considered the primary pacemaker of the heart, the atrioventricular node can indeed be…

A: Human Heart is a four-chambered, fibro-muscular organ. There are two atria through which the heart…

Q: Describe cardiac output, including the factors involved in its regulation.

A: Our heart can likewise expand its stroke volume by pumping powerfully & expanding the amount of…

Q: In the initial stages of ventricular fibrillation (during which the heart produces no functional…

A: The heart is the pumping organ that is responsible for circulating the blood to different parts of…

Q: Define pulse pressure and explain the physiological significance of this measurement.

A: Blood pressure is the driving force that allows the blood to flow through the blood vessels. Any…

Q: Which of the following volumes should be the greatest? end-diastolic volume (EDV) stroke…

A: The cardiac cycle contains two phases, the systole, and the diastole. In the systole phase blood is…

Q: Number of double circulations completed by the human heart per minute under resting conditions is

A: Components of closed circulatory system It consists of heart to pump the blood, blood vessels like’s…

Q: Right ventricular pressure is always the same as left ventricular pressure

A: Our heart is divided into four chambers. Two ventricles and two auricles. Our heart is divided into…

Q: Describe why a wide pulse pressure would be logical to give a patient with the condition aortic…

A: Pulse pressure is the difference between systolic blood pressure, which is the top number of…

Q: Draw these five graphs on the same set of axes: atrial autorhythmic cell action potential atrial…

A: Cardiac muscle action potential- During the action potential there is passing of electrical signals…

Q: Given the following information, calculate cardiac output: R-R interval = 0.6 second, EDV = 160 mL,…

A:

Q: Phase C of the ventricular action potential is due to which of the following? otential (mV)

A: Ca+2 influx

Q: Describe the control of cardiac function by the autonomic nerves

A: ANS ( Autonomic Nervous system ) is responsible for controlling many physiological functions…

Q: Cardiomyopathy results in a thickened, hyperkinetic ventricular  heart muscle Hypertrophic Dilated…

A: Atypical genes (gene mutations) cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which causes the heart muscle to…

Q: Explain the generation of cardiac action potential. Describe the cardiac conduction system and…

A: Introduction Cardiac action potential includes the changes in the membrane potential across the cell…

Q: Why is a ventricular axis deviation of -60 degrees considered left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and…

A: ECG (electrocardiogram) is a test that monitors the electrical activity of the heart. It's done to…

Q: Define Cardiac Output, give its relationship with Stroke Volume.

A: Introduction - The heart is a muscular organ the size of a fist that is placed directly behind and…

Q: rterial blood pressure in the feet of an erect person relative to his heart is:

A: Introduction:-  Blood pressure sometimes referred to as arterial blood pressure,is the pressure…

Q: Occasionally an ectopic pacemaker will develop in part of the conducting system of the heart. What…

A: An ectopic pacemaker is a collection of excitable cells located outside of the heart's typically…

Q: If Nitric oxide is a vasodilator, discuss how it is able to lower blood pressure.

A: According to the question, we have to provide information on if Nitric oxide is a vasodilator, how…

Q: Describe the control of heart rate during and afterexercise.

A: Heart - heart is a body organ which pumps blood through blood vessel to the circulatory system.…

Q: Which of the following represents a volume-independent increase in blood pressure? Increased venous…

A: Blood pressure is the blood which is circulating in our body through the arteries and veins putting…

Q: Relate the EKG waveforms to the normal mechanical events of the cardiac cycle.

A:

Q: Calculate heart rate by counting the number of Large ecG Squares

A: The number of times a heart beats in a unit of time is called heart rate. Usually, it is measured as…

Q: Define cardiac output, and explain how it is influenced by both heart rate and stroke volume.

A: The cardiac cycle is the human heart's performance from the beginning of one heartbeat to the…

Q: Describe the relationship of the total cross-sectional area and velocity of blood flow.

A: The passage of blood through the vessels from the arteries to the capillaries and then into the…

Q: Pressure changes that occur during the cardiac cycle are responsible for what two physiologic…

A: The cardiac cycle is the time interval between atria contraction and ventricular relaxation. Fluids,…