In the initial stages of ventricular fibrillation (during which the heart produces no functional contraction), tissue perfusion in the heart actually increases. Explain.

Q: which formula is used to estimate the volume of a neutrophil.

A: Answer: Introduction: Blood is a body fluid in animals, which transfers nutrients and oxygen to the…

Q: Estimate the ejection fraction of the failing heart at a typical normal end-diastolic volume?

A: Ejection fraction estimation - It is the measurement of the amount of blood pump from left ventricle…

Q: Explain, using diagrams where appropriate, the sequence of events in a cardiac cycle

A: Introduction  The organ that pumps blood throughout our bodies is the heart, which is around the…

Q: Explain how the heart is a double pump and why this is significant

A: Human heart is situated in the space of thoracic cavity present between two lungs.

Q: Given heart rate = 72 bpm, stroke volume = 70 mL, calculate cardiac output.

A: Stroke volume: All the blood from body enters into right atrium from where it is pumped into right…

Q: Briefly describe and explain how two cardiovascular diseases can be caused by atrial fibrillation.

A: Irregular puls of heart is one of the serious  causes of cardiovascular disease. Many cardiovescular…

Q: Why is it necessary for cells of the cardiac atria and ventricles to contract in a coordinated…

A: Introduction :- Blood from the veins enters the two atria, which have thin walls. The heart's two…

Q: Put the following in proper order of blood flow for pulmonary and systemic circulation.

A: 1- Right side of the heart . 2- lungs 3- left side of the heart 4- Capillaries at the systemic…

Q: The endocardium of the heart is composed of THREE layers. Describe their structure and also explain…

A: The main organ of the circulatory system is the heart. It has four-chamber that is responsible for…

Q: Explain two reasons why the heart is referred to as a double pump.

A: The circulatory system consists of the heart, the blood vessels and the blood. The heart is the…

Q: Explain the process by which a large volume of fluid in thepericardial cavity decreases cardiac…

A: The process that defines the volume of blood that is ejected by the heart in a time period of one…

Q: Why would a wide pulse pressure be logical to give a patient with the condition aortic…

A: Aortic regurgitation is referred aortic valves that fails to close completely and there is the…

Q: Occasionally during the process of giving birth, a woman may experience alife-threatening…

A: The human body works at a particular set of conditions. The body undergoes many compensatory…

Q: What is the role played by nitric oxide in preventing atherosclerosis? Describe all tissue and…

A: Atherosclerosis is a cardiovascular condition of hardening and narrowing of arteries which can put…

Q: Explain the term isovolumetric ventricular contraction?

A: The cardiac cycle in animals is the result of the atrial and ventricular contraction and relaxation…

Q: The ANS regulation of blood pressure is involuntary, yet biofeedback techniques enable individuals…

A: ANS stands for the autonomic nervous system. ANS regulates the function of internal organs.

Q: Name two functions of arterioles.

A: In microcirculation, a small-diameter blood vessel that extends and branches out from an artery and…

Q: Describe the Flank-Starling law in the heart.

A:

Q: Why does the total cross-sectional area in the capillary system lower the resistance to flow?

A: Cardiovascular system comprises of Heart, blood vessels and blood. The function of cardiovascular…

Q: Write the equation relating mean arterial pressure to cardiac outputand total peripheral resistance?

A: The cardiovascular system includes heart and blood vessels that work together to pump the oxygen…

Q: A person has a left atrial pressure of 20 mmHg and a left ventricular pressure of 5 mmHg during…

A: The cardiac cycle can be categorized into different phases on the basis of the contraction and…

Q: Which determinant of resistance is varied physiologically to alterblood flow?

A: To answer this question we should have knowledge of Physiology.

Q: Describe the electrical events of a normal electrocardiogram (ECG).

A: Electrocardiograms also called ECGs or EKGs is a simple diagnostic machine that check the…

Q: Although not considered the primary pacemaker of the heart, the atrioventricular node can indeed be…

A: Human Heart is a four-chambered, fibro-muscular organ. There are two atria through which the heart…

Q: The arterial p02 is relatively low in an individual suffering from congestive heart failure because:

A: pO2 is the partial pressure of oxygen refers to volume of oxygen present dissolved in the blood. It…

Q: How does variation in hematocrit influence the hemodynamics of blood flow?

A: Hemodynamics refer to the factors responsible for blood flow.

Q: Parasympathetic stimulation also increases the delay between atrial and ventricular contractions.…

A: In physiology, the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for the stimulation of…

Q: For the heparin-coated membrane oxygenator, what is the function of the heparin in the design…

A: Oxygenator Or Artificial lung : device that is capable of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide in…

Q: Discuss the mechanism underlying AP generation by cardiac autorhythmic cells

A: Simply put, a cardiac arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rate and/or rhythm that is not biologically…

Q: Why is the Frank-Starling law of the heart important to the understanding of heart failure?

A: Frank starling law is a law that defines the relation between end diastolic volume and stroke…

Q: . In a normal individual, heart rate can be determined by the in an ECG.

A: ECG stands for Electrocardiogram.  It is a test which measures the electrical activity of heart.…

Q: Explain why part of the myocardium is nonfunctionalfollowing myocardial infarction.

A: The heart supplies blood to different parts of the body. Blood carries oxygen and nutrients to the…

Q: Compare and contrast the action potential of a myocardial conductive cell and the action potential…

A: Myocardial conductive cell: [action potential] The conductive cells within the heart establish the…

Q: Considering the function of the heart, why is it important that the myocardium cannot be tetanized?

A: Tetanized state is a sustained muscle contraction. This happens because muscle’s motor unit is…

Q: are at or near equilibrium in the erythrocyte (one reaction)

A: The end product of glycolysis is the conversion of glucose into pyruvate. It is the 10 step process…

Q: Explain the Frank-Starling law of the heart

A: The heart receives the blood through atrial chambers and it pumps down to the ventricles and thereby…

Q: In two to three paragraph, Discuss the importance of atresia.

A: Atresia is a condition in the body in which any type of passage in the body is blocked. Atresia can…

Q: Explain why the walls of the atria are thinner than those of the ventricles, and why the wall of the…

A: The walls of Artria are thinner than Ventricle because the artria are only receiving chambers…

Q: Assuming a patient is presented with an 18% decrease in blood flow rate through a given portion of…

A: Blood flow self-regulation is a fantastic phenomenon that regulates blood supply and demand for…

Q: Is it possible for blood pressure to decrease to such a degree that capillary exchange ceases?…

A: Blood pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by the circulating blood against the blood vessels…

Q: Name three mechanisms that can increase cardiacoutput.

A: The amount of blood that the heart pumps, each minute is defined by the term known as cardiac…

Q: Explain the design, function and disadvantage of the three types of oxygenators used in the…

A: Oxygenator: The oxygenator is a medical device, designed to transfer oxygen to infused blood and…

Q: Atrial fibrillation can be caused by wandering re-entrant circuits.  What does this mean?

A: Introduction Any valve in the heart can be damaged or diseased, resulting in valvular heart disease.…

Q: Explain the generation of cardiac action potential. Describe the cardiac conduction system and…

A: Introduction Cardiac action potential includes the changes in the membrane potential across the cell…

Q: Why is a ventricular axis deviation of -60 degrees considered left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and…

A: ECG (electrocardiogram) is a test that monitors the electrical activity of the heart. It's done to…

Q: How can an individual’s maximum heart rate be estimated explain with a formula?

A: Heart rate is defined as the number of heartbeats per minute. A normal resting heart rate for adults…

Q: Explain why blood flows in arteries in spurts and is under pressure.

A: The circulatory system is one of the most essential systems in the body. The function of the…

Q: how the two types of pumps used in the cardiopulmonary bypass work

A: Cardiopulmonary bypass contains two main elements such as the pump and the oxygenator that eliminate…

Q: Name the property of WBCs to squeeze through the walls of capillaries.

A: White platelets (WBCs), additionally called leukocytes or leucocytes, are the cells of the…