The dehydration of 1-phenylcyclohexanol with sulfuric acid follows an E1 pathway. What produces the substantial stability of the intermediate carbocation? Please explain using pictures and words.
The dehydration of 1-phenylcyclohexanol with sulfuric acid follows an E1 pathway. What produces the substantial stability of the intermediate carbocation? Please explain using pictures and words.
The E1 (unimolecular elimination) mechanism is a type of elimination reaction in organic chemistry, where a leaving group is eliminated from a substrate to form an alkene or alkyne, and a proton is removed from a neighboring carbon atom.
Once the carbocation is formed, a proton is removed from a neighboring carbon atom to form the double bond in the product. This step is typically rate-determining, meaning that the rate of the reaction is primarily dependent on the rate of this proton transfer step.
The E1 mechanism is favored when the leaving group is a good leaving group, such as a halogen, sulfonate, or tosylate group, and when the substrate is a tertiary or secondary alkyl halide. The reaction is typically carried out in the presence of a strong base, such as a strong alkoxide or hydroxide ion, to facilitate the proton transfer step.
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