the donor ConCentration Concentration is the acceptor the resulting Semiconductor would be the intrinsic Concen tration is the hole Con Centration is
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- Findthemass%ofH2O2 inasolutionmadefrom36gofH2O2 and84gofH2O: A) 84% B) 36% C) 43% D) 30.% E) 70.%When a metal is heated its density decreases. There are two sources that give rise tothis diminishment of : (1) the thermal expansion of the solid, and (2) the formation of vacancies. Consider a specimen of gold at room temperature that has a density of 19.320 g/cm3.(a) Determine its density upon heating to (800°C) when only thermal expansion is considered.(b) Repeat the calculation when the introduction of vacancies is taken into account. Assume that the energy of vacancy formation is 0.98 eV/atom, and that the volumecoefficient of thermal expansion, is equal to 3 αlUse the Born-Mayer equation to estimate the latticeenthalpy of calcium sulfide. CaS. The crystal adopts a rocksalt structure w ith the distance between the centres of nearest neighbours being 284 pm.
- At standard temperature and pressure, the molar volumesof Cl2 and NH3 gases are 22.06 and 22.40 L, respectively.(a) Given the different molecular weights, dipole moments,and molecular shapes, why are their molar volumes nearlythe same? (b) On cooling to 160 K, both substances formcrystalline solids. Do you expect the molar volumes todecrease or increase on cooling the gases to 160 K? (c) Thedensities of crystalline Cl2 and NH3 at 160 K are 2.02 and0.84 /cm3, respectively. Calculate their molar volumes.(d) Are the molar volumes in the solid state as similar asthey are in the gaseous state? Explain. (e) Would you expectthe molar volumes in the liquid state to be closer to thosein the solid or gaseous state?Calculate the energy (in eV/atom) for vacancy formation in some metal, M, given that the equilibrium number of vacancies at 343oC is 9.39 × 1023 m-3. The density and atomic weight (at 343°C) for this metal are 7.75 g/cm3 and 142.6 g/mol, respectively.How to determine the si or re side of flatvin??
- Silicon carbide, SiC, has the three-dimensional structureshown in the figure.(a) Name another compound that has the same structure.(b) Would you expect the bonding in SiC to be predominantlyionic, metallic, or covalent? (c) How do the bondingand structure of SiC lead to its high thermal stability(to 2700 °C) and exceptional hardness?Th e elements Cu, O, La, Y, Ba, Tl, and Biare all found in high-temperature ceramicsuperconductors. Write the shorthand noblegas confi gurations for the atom of each of theseelements.The prefix eka- comes from the Sanskrit word for “one.”Mendeleev used this prefix to indicate that the unknownelement was one place away from the known element thatfollowed the prefix. For example, eka-silicon, which we nowcall germanium, is one element below silicon. Mendeleevalso predicted the existence of eka-manganese, which was notexperimentally confirmed until 1937 because this element isradioactive and does not occur in nature. Based on the periodictable shown in Figure 7.1, what do we now call the elementMendeleev called eka-manganese?
- The equilibrium density of vacancies ns is given by Nexp(-Es/kT) , where N is the density of semiconductor atoms and Es is the energy of formation. Calculate ns in silicon at 27° C, 900 ° C, and 1200° C. Assume Es = 2.3 eV.Account for the following:(i) Schottky defects lower the density of related solids.(ii) Conductivity of silicon increases on doping it with phosphorus.Andwer the picture below