Question Seven(a) For refractory ceramic materials, cite two characteristics that improve with and two characteristicsthat are adversely affected by increasing porosity.(b) Show that the minimum cation-to-anion radius ratio for a coordination number of 4 is 0.225.(Hint: Use the AX crystal structure, assuming the anion spheres touch in plane).(c) The unit cell for Al>O; has hexagonal symmetry with lattice parameters a = 0.4759 nm and c 1.2nm. If the density of this material is equal to 3.99 g/cm' and is calculated according to the formukan'(EAc+ EA)VcNACalculate the atormic packing factor for Al>O1, given that the ionic radius for AI is 0.053 nm and i0' is 0.140 nm. Take N = 6.023 x 1023 atoms'mole.(d) Mention any three industrial ceramics and indicate their applications.

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Principles of Modern Chemistry

8th Edition

ISBN:9781305079113

Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Publisher:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler

Chapter22: Inorganic Materials

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7P

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(a) For refractory ceramic materials, cite two characteristics that improve with and two characteristics that are adversely affected by increasing porosity.