The following figure shows how the activities (y-axis) of Cdk-Cyclin B complex and the APC complex change through the cell cycle. Active Cdk1-Cyclin Inactive Cdk1-Cyclin Active APC A B A B time A. When would mitosis and interphase occur on the x-axis? A or B, which is A & which is B B. Does the concentration of cdk1 change during the cell cycle? Explain briefly the increase in activity observed C. Provide one feedback that would a change in Cdk-Cyclin B complex activity. Explain briefly

The following figure shows how the activities (y-axis) of Cdk-Cyclin B complex and the APC complex change through the cell cycle. Active Cdk1-Cyclin Inactive Cdk1-Cyclin Active APC A B A B time A. When would mitosis and interphase occur on the x-axis? A or B, which is A & which is B B. Does the concentration of cdk1 change during the cell cycle? Explain briefly the increase in activity observed C. Provide one feedback that would a change in Cdk-Cyclin B complex activity. Explain briefly

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter28: Dna Metabolism: Replication, Recombination, And Repair

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 19P: Figure 28.11 depicts the eukaryotic cell cycle. Many cell types â€œexitâ€� the cell cycle and...

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Q. Cyclins and CDK(inase) complexes regulate the cell cycle. Which of the following statements is true? A. Cyclins activate CDKs which remove phosphates from other proteins. B. Cyclins activate CDKs which add phosphates to other proteins. C. CDKs activate cyclins which remove phosphates from other proteins. D. CDKs activate cyclins which add phosphates to other proteins.
Which of the following is true with respect to cyclins and CDKs? A) CDKs promote progression of the cell cycle, cyclins function to inhibit progression of the cell cycle B) CDKs are the checkpoints in the cell cycle, and when bound to cyclins, they stop progression of the cell cycle C) CDKs will only work to promote progression of the cell cycle when complexed with their designated cyclins D) CDKs are rarely expressed during a cell's cycle, unless cyclins are present to act as transcription factors .
Which of the following is a change to the CdK/cyclin system that could result in cell division followed by cell death? Group of answer choices A. Increased production of CdK B. Decreased production of cyclin during G2 C. Increased production of cyclin during G2 D. Cyclin not broken down by mitosis E. Breakdown of CdK by mitosis
Which of the following statements about the cell cycle is TRUE? a. The protein APC blocks cells from entering anaphase b. CDKs are degraded after each cell cycle phase by the addition of a ubiquitin chain to the proteins c. A kinase is a protein that adds a ubiquitin chain to other proteins Cyclin activity is necessary, but not always sufficient, for CDK activation d. Cyclin proteins must be degraded before Cdk proteins can be activated
Which of the following statements is true regarding cell cycle regulators? a. Cyclins determine which proteins each Cdks will act on. b. Cdks check the DNA for damage and repairs it. c. Cyclin binding to Cdks will result to Cdk inactivation. d. Cyclin levels remain constant through the cell cycle.
Which of the following statements is a lie?Select one: a. If damaged DNA is detected during the cell cycle, negative regulation is responsible in stopping the cell cycle. b. There are four cyclin proteins involved in the positive regulation of the cell cycle and they have fluctuating levels. c. To activate cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), they must bind to another kinase.
The cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase pair that is active during the M phase of the cell cycle is a.Cyclin A/CDC2. b.Cyclin B/CDC2. c.Cyclin D/CDK4/6. d.Cyclin E/CDK2. e.Cyclin A/CDK2.
Maturation promoting factor, MPF, is a cyclin-CDK complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of other proteins to start mitosis. The activity level of MPF is dependent on the relative concentrations of the cyclin and CDK components of MPF (Figure 1). Based on Figure 1, which of the following describes the role of cyclin in the regulation of the cell cycle? a.During S phase, the cyclin level remains the same because DNA replication is occurring. b.During G2 phase, the cyclin level remains low, causing MPF activity to decrease, which leads cells to initiate mitosis. c.During G1 phase, the cyclin level decreases to signal the start of the resting phase of the cell cycle. d.During M phase, the cyclin level peaks, resulting in an increased binding frequency with CDK.
When regulating the cell cycle of eukaryotic cells, a critical protein we discussed was cyclin. Cyclin is Select one: a. Always present in all stages of the cell cycle, but only active during the G1 - R transition b. Produced in response to signals for the cell to divide c. Produced only when retinoblastoma protein is inactivated d. Produced in response to the presence of cyclin-dependent kinase
A researcher studying a line of cancer cells noticed that cellular content of RhoBTB3 and Cyclin E1 increase and decrease through the cell cycle. a. He hypothesizes that RhoBTB3 signaling regulates the production of Cyclin E1 and the entry of the cell into mitosis. Based on the data below, explain why his results do not support this hypothesis. Identify what conclusions are supported by this data. b. Suppose that the researcher can engineer a cell line in which RhoBTB3 expression can be induced by the addition of a drug. Design an experiment using this cell line to test whether RhoBTB3 regulates the production of Cyclin E1. Describe what results he can expect if his hypothesis is correct.
Cell cycle regulation is important to ensure that a. non-dividing cells enter the G0 stage. b. dividing cells produce normal and viable daughter cells. c. the stages in both interphase and M phase are strictly followed. d. materials for cell division are complete and properly distributed. Which of the following complexes contributes to the transcription of cyclin E? a. Cdk1/cyclin A b. Cdk2/cyclin B c. Cdk3/cyclin C d. Cdk4/cyclin D
Explain why we can say that M-phase of the cell-cycle is triggered by a positive feedback loop. a) What would the consequences be if cohesins were working normally but condensins were not? and b) what stage of the cell cycle would this cause problems in? Why is it important for the centrosome to duplicate during G1-G2 (interphase) before M phase? The kinetochores serve as a link between the sister chromatids and the microtubules attached to the mitotic spindle. a) How are microtubules still able to exhibit dynamic instability after they are bound to the sister chromatids and b) why is this important to mitosis? As the name suggests, the Anaphase-promoting-complex (APC), promotes the 4th phase of mitosis by separating the sister chromatids so they can travel to separate poles of the cell, and prevents them from being re-zipped together. Describe how APC does these two things (Hint: one involves M-cyclin and the other involves…