The following information is available for a company’s maintenance cost over the last seven months. Month Units Produced Maintenance Cost June 90 $ 4,190 July 180 6,260 August 120 4,880 September 150 5,570 October 210 6,950 November 240 7,640 December 60 3,500 Using the high-low method, estimate both the fixed and variable components of its maintenance cost.
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
The following information is available for a company’s maintenance cost over the last seven months.
| Month | Units Produced | Maintenance Cost | ||||
| June | 90 | $ | 4,190 | |||
| July | 180 | 6,260 | ||||
| August | 120 | 4,880 | ||||
| September | 150 | 5,570 | ||||
| October | 210 | 6,950 | ||||
| November | 240 | 7,640 | ||||
| December | 60 | 3,500 | ||||
Using the high-low method, estimate both the fixed and variable components of its maintenance cost.
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