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Name: The initial mechanism for repairing nucleotide errors in DNA is ______
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Description: The initial mechanism for repairing nucleotide errors in DNA is ________. a. mismatch repair b. DNA polymerase proofreading c. nucleotide excision repair d. thymine dimers

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The initial mechanism for repairing nucleotide errors in DNA is ________. a. mismatch repair b. DNA polymerase proofreading c. nucleotide excision repair d. thymine dimers

Concepts of Biology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168116

Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Publisher:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise

Chapter9: Molecular Biology

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5RQ: The initial mechanism for repairing nucleotide errors in DNA is _____. a. mismatch repair b. DNA...

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The initial mechanism for repairing nucleotide errors in DNA is _____. a. mismatch repair b. DNA polymerase proofreading c. nucleotide excision repair d. thymine dimers
DNA strands are anti-parallel and DNA polymerase can only synthesize DNA in a 5' to 3' direction. How does the enzyme synthesize both strands at the same time? A. The leading strand is sythesised in Okazaki fragments B. The lagging strand is synthesised in short Okazaki fragments. C. Only one strand is replicated. D. There are more than one DNA polymerase involved.
Defects in the excision repair process may result in : A. Mutations B. Okazaki fragments C. Excess DNA polymerase activity D. Shortened telomeres
Why must the lagging strand of DNA be replicated in short pieces a. Because of limited space b. To make proofreading of code easier . C. Otherwise, the helix will become distorted . D. The DNA polymerase can synthesize in only one direction
In nucleotide excision repair in E. coli, the function of the UvrA/UvrB complex is toa. detect DNA damage.b. make cuts on both sides of the damage.c. remove the damaged piece of DNA.d. replace the damaged DNA with undamaged DNA.
Which type of cells were used to extract the DNA that was sequenced? a. red blood cells c. white blood cells b. intestinal epithelium d. cheek swab What type of mutation caused Nicholas’s disease? a. frameshift c. nonsense b. missense d. insertion
Okazaki fragments are ________. A. short RNA primers needed for initiation of polymerization B. fragments of DNA polymerase I that lack 5' → 3' exonuclease activity C. short stretches of DNA formed on the lagging strand D. the smallest subunits of DNA polymerase III
Why are mutations more likely to occur in repeated DNA sequences? a. These bases are unstable b. bases in the strand can form base pairs, generating loops that interfere with replication and repair enzymes. c. The repeats hold onto the replication enzymes, causing base mismatches d. the repeats attract and bind to mutagens, increasing the mutation rate
DNA damage by uv light creates pyrimidine dimers between adjacent pyrimidines on the same strand. The cellular mechanism used to repair these dimers is : A. Mismatch repair B. Proofreading C. Nucleotide Excision Repair D. Single- base excision
In the dideoxy-sequencing reaction, what terminates DNA synthesis at a particular base? a. The absence of a base on the ddNTP halts the DNA polymerase. b. The ddNTP causes a break in the sugar–phosphate backbone. c. DNA polymerase will not incorporate a ddNTP into the growing DNA strand. d. The absence of a 3′-OH group on the ddNTP prevents the addition of another nucleotide.
DNA polymerases ____. a. add new nucleotides to a strand b. repair DNA c. assemble new strands in both direction d. seal gaps in the sugar-phosphate backbone e. catalyze carbon bonding
Which of the following is not a DNA repair mechanism? a) binding-protein excision repair b) nucleotide excision repair c) mismatch repair d) base excision repair