The lowest five energy states in the Helițum atom (Z=2) have the following energy levels (assuming at least one electron is in the ground state.) Зр; -1,4eV _3s; -1.7eV _2p; -3.4eV _2s; -4.0eV _1s; -24.5eV A) Find one wavelength of light that you could shine on a collection of helium atoms to make a laser. Consider selection rules for all transitions. Explain your reasoning!!

The lowest five energy states in the Helițum atom (Z=2) have the following energy levels (assuming at least one electron is in the ground state.) Зр; -1,4eV _3s; -1.7eV _2p; -3.4eV _2s; -4.0eV _1s; -24.5eV A) Find one wavelength of light that you could shine on a collection of helium atoms to make a laser. Consider selection rules for all transitions. Explain your reasoning!!

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter7: Atomic Structure And Periodicity

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13ALQ

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Investigating Energy Levels Consider the hypothetical atom X that has one electron like the H atom but has different energy levels. The energies of an electron in an X atom are described by the equation E=RHn3 where RH is the same as for hydrogen (2.179 1018 J). Answer the following questions, without calculating energy values. a How would the ground-state energy levels of X and H compare? b Would the energy of an electron in the n = 2 level of H be higher or lower than that of an electron in the n = 2 level of X? Explain your answer. c How do the spacings of the energy levels of X and H compare? d Which would involve the emission of a higher frequency of light, the transition of an electron in an H atom from the n = 5 to the n = 3 level or a similar transition in an X atom? e Which atom, X or H, would require more energy to completely remove its electron? f A photon corresponding to a particular frequency of blue light produces a transition from the n = 2 to the n = 5 level of a hydrogen atom. Could this photon produce the same transition (n = 12 to n = 5) in an atom of X? Explain.
Estimate the probability of finding an electron which is excited into the 2s orbital of the H atom, looking in a cubical box of volume 0.751036m3 centered at the nucleus. Then estimate the probability of finding the electron if you move the volume searched to a distance of 105.8 pm from the nucleus in the positive z direction. (Note that since these volumes are small, it does not matter whether the volume searched is cubical or spherical.)
Use the mathematical expression for the 2pz wave function of a one-electron atom (see Table 5.2) to show that the probability of finding an electron in that orbital anywhere in the x-y plane is 0. What are the nodal planes for a dxz orbital and for a dx2y2 orbital?
The wave function of an electron in the lowest (that is, ground) state of the hydrogen atom is (r)=( 1 a 0 3 )1/2exp(r a 0 )ao=0.5291010m (a) What is the probability of finding the electron inside a sphere of volume 1.0pm2 , centered at the nucleus (1pm=1012m) ? (b) What is the probability of finding the electron in a volume of 1.0pm2 at a distance of 52.9 pm from the nucleus, in a fixed but arbitrary direction? (c) What is the probability of finding the electron in a spherical shell of 1.0 pm in thickness, at a distance of 52.9 pm from the nucleus?
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• identify an orbital (as 1s, 3p, etc.) from its quantum numbers, or vice versa.
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What experimental evidence supports the quantum theory of light? Explain the wave-particle duality of all matter .. For what size particles must one consider both the wave and the particle properties?
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