The major virtues of the market system include all of the following, except: a) It provides incentives for greater production and higher incomes b) It leads to equality in the distribution of income c) It emphasizes the freedom to pursue self-interest O d) It promotes an efficient allocation of resources
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- This question is inspired on the recent evolution of electricity markets in Switzerland and the EU.Suppose a market consists of three producers:i. Firm 1 (photovoltaics) has a marginal cost of production od CHF 1 and can produce up to 100 MW/h;ii. Firm 2 (hydroelectric) has a marginal cost od production of CHF 5 and can produce up to 200 MW/H;iii. Firm 3 (gas) has a marginal cost od production of CHF 20 and can produce up to 200 MW/h.For simplicity, assume that there are no fixed costs of production.Consumers are willing to pay a constant amount of 25 CHF for each additional MW/h up to 500 MW/h. a) Draw a graph of supply and demand for this market.b) Calculate the price in the market and the profits of each company.True or False. State with reasoning: The theory of second best says that if there is a distortion that cannot be removed from the market, then it is never best to get all other variables to the Pareto efficient allocation."Any social planner who implements efficient outcomes will produce the same output in a given market as the competitive market would." In addition to the conditions of the first welfare theorem, which of the following have to hold in order for the statement in quotes to be true? O a. Consumer tastes are quasilinear. O b. Consumer tastes are homothetic. O c. Production frontiers are homothetic. O d.Both (a) and (c). O e. Both (b) and (c). Of. None of the above.
- a) Suppose that in the production of computer software, the marginal rate of technical substitution between engineers and marketer is 5 for IBM and 3 for Microsoft. Explain why this outcome violates the condition for efficiency in production and how a voluntary exchange could make both companies better off. b) Ignoring rationing problems and black markets, under rent control (or any price ceiling that produces a shortage) the price paid by consumers equals the marginal cost of producing the good. Does this mean the output level is efficient? Explain. c) What does the contract curve in an Edgeworth production box signify? Why do competitive markets generate equilibriums that lie on the contract curve?The following relations describe monthly demand and supply for a computer support service catering to small businesses.Q D = 3,000 - 10PQ S = -1,000 + 10Pwhere Q is the number of businesses that need services and P is the monthly fee, in dollars.a. At what average monthly fee would demand equal zero?b. At what average monthly fee would supply equal zero?c. Plot the supply and demand curves.d. What is the equilibrium price/output level?e. Suppose demand increases and leads to a new demand curve:MCQS with reason 5 . In a mixed economy which sector(s) is/ are found (a) Private Only ; (b) Public sector only ; (c) None ; (d) Both a and b 6. In economic theory the term “means” refers to (a)Resources ; (b) Arithmetic mean ; (c) A characteristic ; (d) None 7. Market equilibrium of a commodity is determined by (a)Balancing of demand and supply position ; (b) Aggregate demand ; (c) Aggregate supply; (d) Government intervention 8. Economic resources are (a) Unlimited ; (b) Limited in supply and use ; (c) Limited in supply but have alternative uses; (d) Unproductive 9. Which of the following is/ are not an economic resource (a) Land ; (b) Capital ; (c) Labour ; (d)Air 10. Which of the following is/ are an economic
- 1. If the demand curve for product A moves to the right, and the price of product B increases, it can be concluded that: A. A and B are substitute goods;B. A and B are complementary goods; C. A is an inferior good, and B is a superior good; D. Both goods A and B are inferior.2. If a point falls inside the production possibility curve, what does it indicate ?A Resources are over utilizedB Resources are under utilizedC There is employment in the economyD Both (b) and (c)3. In which type of economy do consumers and producers make their choices based on the market forces of demand and supply?(a) Open Economy(b) Controlled Economy(c) Command Economy(d) Market Economy4. In a free market economy, when consumers increase their purchase of a goods and the level of _______ exceeds _______ then prices tend to riseA Demand, SupplyB Supply, DemandC Prices, DemandD Profits, Supply 5) Scarcity requires that people mustA) cooperate.B) compete.C) trade.D) make…a) Which of the following is typically not used to evaluate economic policy? O Stability O Economic growth O Kosher-Index O Equity b) Consider following demand and supply function for a market: D: P-280-2Q: S: P=30+8Q. The market equilibrium quantity is Q-45 Q = 55 Q-35 Q-25 c) Consider the market for wheat, which currently is in equilibrium. Covid-19 related social distancing requirements make production more expensive. This will lead to O An increase in equilibrium price and quantity O A decrease in equilibrium price and an increase in equilibrium quantity O An increase in equilibrium price and a decrease in equilibrium quantity O A decrease in equilibrium price and quantityConsider the production of handmade rugs and assembly robots in India and Canada. Assume that Canada is relatively abundant in capital and that India is relative abundant in labour. Furthermore assume that the production technology for rugs and robots is the same in both countries. Draw production possibilities frontiers for each country keeping the production of rugs in the horizontal axis and the production of robots in the vertical axis. Assuming that consumer preferences are the same in both countries, add indifference curves and relative price lines under autarky. What are the differences in the relative price of rugs between the countries under autarky?
- How prices allocate resources Suppose that there are three beachfront parcels of land available for sale in Astoria and six people who would each like to purchase one parcel. Assume that the parcels are essentially identical and that the minimum selling price of each is $745,000. The following table states each person's willingness and ability to purchase a parcel. Person Willingness and Ability to Purchase (Dollars) Andrew 900,000 Beth 810,000 Darnell 770,000 Eleanor 720,000 Jacques 690,000 Kyoko 680,000 Which of these people will buy one of the three beachfront parcels? Check all that apply. Andrew Beth Darnell Eleanor Jacques Kyoko Assume that the three beachfront parcels are sold to the people that you indicated in the previous section. Suppose that a few days after the last of those beachfront parcels is sold, another essentially identical beachfront parcel becomes available for sale at a minimum…Suppose that the supply function for lamb in Australia is Q = 149 + 8p - 9ps, where Q is the quantity in millions of kg of lamb per year, and pand psare the prices of lamb and sheep, respectively, in Australian dollars per kg. How does the supply curve change if the price of sheep increases from AU$5 to AU$5.50 per kg? (Hint: See Solved Problem 2.1.Distinguish between the following concepts:I. Microeconomics and macroeconomicsII. II. Scarcity and choiceIII. Opportunity cost and scale of preference.b. With the aid diagrams show the differences between the following:I. Increase in demand and increase in quantity demand II. Decrease in supply and decrease in quantity suppliedIII. Price ceiling and price floor