The May 10, 2007 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine describes two large randomized, placebo-controlled trials of a vaccine for HPV-related cancer. HPV is human papillomavirus, the most common form of sexually transmitted infection. For the group of people who received the vaccine, the HPV-related cancer rate was much lower than for those who received a placebo. Which best describes the goal of this study? Compare proportions from two populations Test a claim or make an estimate about a population proportion Establish a cause-and-effect relationship between two categorical variables

The May 10, 2007 issue of The New England Journal of Medicine describes two large randomized, placebo-controlled trials of a vaccine for HPV-related cancer. HPV is human papillomavirus, the most common form of sexually transmitted infection. For the group of people who received the vaccine, the HPV-related cancer rate was much lower than for those who received a placebo. Which best describes the goal of this study? Compare proportions from two populations Test a claim or make an estimate about a population proportion Establish a cause-and-effect relationship between two categorical variables

College Algebra (MindTap Course List)

12th Edition

ISBN:9781305652231

Author:R. David Gustafson, Jeff Hughes

Publisher:R. David Gustafson, Jeff Hughes

Chapter8: Sequences, Series, And Probability

Section8.7: Probability

Problem 57E: What is an experiment? Give two examples.

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What is an experiment?
A recent study compared patients who developed a central venous catheter infection. the investigators then reviewed the medical history of each patient to determine possible risk factors for a central venous catheter infection. Which of the following best describes this study design? a. case series b. case-control study c. cohort study d. randomized controlled trial e. systemic review
Please no written by hand solution and no img 2. A medical research team conducted a study to test the effect of a cholesterol-reducing medication. At the end of the study, the researchers found that of the 450 randomly selected subjects who took the medication, 30 died of heart disease. Of the 450 randomly selected subjects who took a placebo, 55 died of heart disease. Can you support the claim that the death rate due to heart disease is lower for those who took the medication than for those who took the placebo? Let the medication be population 1 and placebo be population . state the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis Find the test statistic If the type -1 error a=0.05, find the critical values(s) and shade the rejection regions Base on the type 1-error a and rejection region(s), given above what is your conclusion (do noy use p-value to draw your conclusion)
A common symptom of otitis media in young children is the prolonged presence of fluid in the middle ear, known as middle-ear effusion. The presence of fluid may result in temporary hearing loss and interfere with normal learning skills in the first 2 years of life. One hypothesis is that babies who are breastfed for at least 1 month build up some immunity against the effects of the infection and have less prolonged effusion than do bottle-fed babies. A small study of 24 pairs of babies is set up, in which the babies are matched on a one-to-one basis according to age, sex, socioeconomic status, and type of medications taken. One member of the matched pair is a breastfed baby, and the other member is a bottle-fed baby. The outcome variable is the duration of middle-ear effusion after the first episode of otitis media. The results are given in Table 9.11. 9.16 Test the hypothesis that the duration of effusion is different among breastfed babies than among bottle-fed babies using a…
A common symptom of otitis media in young children is the prolonged presence of fluid in the middle ear, known as middle-ear effusion. The presence of fluid may result in temporary hearing loss and interfere with normal learning skills in the first 2 years of life. One hypothesis is that babies who are breastfed for at least 1 month build up some immunity against the effects of the infection and have less prolonged effusion than do bottle-fed babies. A small study of 24 pairs of babies is set up, in which the babies are matched on a one-to-one basis according to age, sex, socioeconomic status, and type of medications taken. One member of the matched pair is a breastfed baby, and the other member is a bottle-fed baby. The outcome variable is the duration of middle-ear effusion after the first episode of otitis media. The results are given in Table 9.11. 9.13 What hypotheses are being tested here? 9.14 Why might a nonparametric test be useful in testing the hypotheses? 9.15 Which…
A common symptom of otitis media in young children is the prolonged presence of fluid in the middle ear, known as middle-ear effusion. The presence of fluid may result in temporary hearing loss and interfere with normal learning skills in the first 2 years of life. One hypothesis is that babies who are breastfed for at least 1 month build up some immunity against the effects of the infection and have less prolonged effusion than do bottle-fed babies. A small study of 24 pairs of babies is set up, in which the babies are matched on a one-to-one basis according to age, sex, socioeconomic status, and type of medications taken. One member of the matched pair is a breastfed baby, and the other member is a bottle-fed baby. The outcome variable is the duration of middle-ear effusion after the first episode of otitis media. The results are given in Table 9.11. 9.13 What hypotheses are being tested here?9.14 Why might a nonparametric test be useful in testing the hypotheses?
Determine the effects of gender and type of high school graduated from on the college entrance examination scores of the students. (TWO WAY ANOVA)
Lynn University wants to examine whether students display better academic performance in class versus online. They have collected GPAs of two different samples of students, a sample from classes that take place in-person and a sample from classes that take place online. The data set is below. They predict that in-class students perform better than online students. In Class GPA Online GPA 4.0 4.0 3.5 2.2 3.7 3.3 3.5 3.7 2.0 2.5 3.2 3.8 3.3 3.8 From the results of this test, we conclude to ______________ (1) the null hypothesis; In-class students perform ______________ (2) than online students. (1) a) Reject b) Accept (2) a) significantly better b) significantly worse c) not significantly different
Lynn University wants to examine whether students display better academic performance in class versus online. They have collected GPAs of two different samples of students, a sample from classes that take place in-person and a sample from classes that take place online. The data set is below. They predict that in-class students perform better than online students. In Class GPA Online GPA 4.0 4.0 3.5 2.2 3.7 3.3 3.5 3.7 2.0 2.5 3.2 3.8 3.3 3.8 From the results of this test, we conclude to: ["", ""] the null hypothesis; In-class students perform ["", "", ""] than online students.
We would like to study if the school that students attend (Rutgers or Columbia University) impacts the time of getting employment depending on GPA (high, medium, low). We will conduct a Factorial ANOVA, what will be the design? 2 x 2 2 x 3 4 x 2 3 x 3
Give an statistical principle example for a surgeon
A recent clinical trial compares the use of Drug A to the standard treatment of symptomatic genital herpes. The study involves 10, 000 people with genital herpes who are randomly assigned to receive Drug A or standard treatment. Results of the trial show that the duration of symptoms in patients who received Drug A is 4 days versus 4-5 days in patients who received standard symptomatic measures (p<0.5). The manufacturer of Drug A recommends the use of Drug A in the clinical treatment of genital herpes. Based on the study’s results, which of the following is the most appropriate reason to question the manufacturer’s recommendation? a) The investigators used an inappropriate study design b) It is likely that there was a Type I error c) It is likely that there was Type II error d) The observed difference is not clinically significant e) The observed difference is not statistically significant f) There was insufficient power