The relationship between international aid and economic growth for less-developed countries is O a) negative, in that less aid means less growth. O b) indeterminate, because very few countries have received international aid. Og unclear, because some countries have received aid but realized no growth, but others have grown and received little aid. O d positive when financial funds are sent to less-developed countries but d) negative when developed countries help build capital goods in these countries. O e) positive, in that more aid means more growth.
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- What do the growth accounting studies conclude are the determinants of growth? Which is more important, the determinants or how they am combined?Consider the Solow Model with no population or technological growth. Suppose that two countriesare identical except that in Country A the depreciation rate is greater than the depreciation rate inCountry B.a. How do you compare the steady state level of capital per worker in these countries? Illustrategraphically. Explain the economic intuition for the di erences in capital per worker in steadystate.b. Which country a higher output per worker in steady state? What about investment per workerin steady state? Explain carefully.In the Solow growth model:1. Write the expression for consumption per capita in the steady-state equilibrium, asa function of capital per capita.2. What is the golden rule quantity of capital per capita ? Specifically, tell me thedefinition of this concept, and then relate it to the equation for the equilibriumconsumption per capita whose expression answers question (1) above.23. How do we find the golden rule savings rate, once we know the golden rule quantityof capital per capita?
- 1. Country A and B both have the production functionY = F (K, L) = K ½L ½or Y = K0.5 L0.5 a) What is the per-worker production function, y= f (k)? Please make sure to write specificfunctional form of the per-worker production function. b) Assume that neither country experiences population growth nor technological progressand that 4 percent of capital depreciates each year. Assume further that country A saves 24percent of output each year and country B saves 16 percent of output each year. Using youranswer from part a) and the steady-state condition, find the steady-state level of capital perworker for each country. Then find the steady-state levels of income per worker for eachcountry and steady-state level of consumption per worker for each country.Assume that a country's production function is Y = K1/2L1/2 and there is no population growthor technological change.a. What is the per-worker production function y = f (k)?b. Assume that the country possesses 40,000 units of capital and 10,000 units of labor. What isY? What is labor productivity computed from the per-worker production function? Is thisvalue the same as labor productivity computed from the original production function?c. Assume that 10 percent of capital depreciates each year. What gross saving rate isnecessary to make the given capital–labor ratio the steady-state capital–labor ratio? (Hint:In a steady state with no population growth or technological change, the saving ratemultiplied by per-worker output must equal the depreciation rate multiplied by the capital–labor ratio.)d. If the saving rate equals the steady-state level, what is consumption per worker? Only D, other option answeredAssume that a country's production function is Y = K1/2L1/2 and there is no population growthor technological change.a. What is the per-worker production function y = f (k)?b. Assume that the country possesses 40,000 units of capital and 10,000 units of labor. What isY? What is labor productivity computed from the per-worker production function? Is thisvalue the same as labor productivity computed from the original production function?c. Assume that 10 percent of capital depreciates each year. What gross saving rate isnecessary to make the given capital–labor ratio the steady-state capital–labor ratio? (Hint:In a steady state with no population growth or technological change, the saving ratemultiplied by per-worker output must equal the depreciation rate multiplied by the capital–labor ratio.)d. If the saving rate equals the steady-state level, what is consumption per worker?
- Say that the average worker in Canada has a productivity level of $30 per hour while the average worker in the United Kingdom has a productivity level of $25 per hour (both measured in U.S. dollars). Over the next five years, say that worker productivity in Canada grows at 1% per year while worker productivity intheUKgrows3%peryear.Afterfiveyears,whowill have the higher productivity level, and by how much?Provide intuitive economic to explain why equal percentage increase in savings rates and population growth rate appears to nullify each other in the equation y*= 1000( √s/n) ( where per capita income is unchanged). Suppose that society decided to reduce consumptionand increase investment.a. How would this change affect economic growth?b. What groups in society would benefit from thischange? What groups might be hurt?
- Many demographers predict that the UnitedStates will have zero population growth in thetwenty-first century, in contrast to average popu-lation growth of about 1 percent per year in thetwentieth century. Use the Solow model to fore-cast the effect of this slowdown in populationgrowth on the growth of total output and the growth of output per person. Consider theeffects both in the steady state and in the transi-tion between steady states.Suppose that total capital and labour both increase by the Suppose that total capital and labour both increase by the same percentage amount so that the amount of capital per worker k does not change. Writing the production function in per-worker terms, y = f(k), requires that this increase in capital and labour must not change the amount of output produced per worker y. Use the growth accounting equation to show that equal percentage increases in capital and labour will leave output per worker unaffected only if aK + aN = 1. Suppose that total capital and labour both increase by theIs it possible to have economic growth with no opportunity cost? A)Yes, economic growth requires no current sacrifices-only the passage of time. B) No, but economic growth is always worth whatever sacrifice is required. C) No, because growth depletes the stock of knowledge so that more growth today means less growth tomorrow D) No, because growth requires the sacrifice of consumption goods in order to invest in such things as capital tormation and research and development.