How do you compare the steady state level of capital per worker in these countries? Illustrate graphically. Explain the economic intuition for the di erences in capital per worker in steady state. b. Which country a higher output per worker in steady state? What about investment per worker in steady state? Explain carefully.

How do you compare the steady state level of capital per worker in these countries? Illustrate graphically. Explain the economic intuition for the di erences in capital per worker in steady state. b. Which country a higher output per worker in steady state? What about investment per worker in steady state? Explain carefully.

Exploring Economics

8th Edition

ISBN:9781544336329

Author:Robert L. Sexton

Publisher:Robert L. Sexton

Chapter20: Economic Growth In The Global Economy

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5P

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Many demographers predict that the UnitedStates will have zero population growth in thetwenty-first century, in contrast to average popu-lation growth of about 1 percent per year in thetwentieth century. Use the Solow model to fore-cast the effect of this slowdown in populationgrowth on the growth of total output and the growth of output per person. Consider theeffects both in the steady state and in the transi-tion between steady states.
In the Solow growth model:1. Write the expression for consumption per capita in the steady-state equilibrium, asa function of capital per capita.2. What is the golden rule quantity of capital per capita ? Specifically, tell me thedefinition of this concept, and then relate it to the equation for the equilibriumconsumption per capita whose expression answers question (1) above.23. How do we find the golden rule savings rate, once we know the golden rule quantityof capital per capita?
(a) Two countries, Country A and Country B, are described by the Solow growth model. Bothcountries are identical, except that the rate of labor-augmenting technological progress ishigher in A than in B.i. In which country is the steady-state growth rate of output per effective worker higher?ii. Does the Solow growth model predict that the two economies will converge to the samesteady state? (b) Based on the Solow growth model with population growth and labor-augmenting technologicalprogress, explain how each of the following policies would affect the steady-state level andsteady-state growth rate of total output per person:i. an increase in the government’s budget deficit ii. grants to support research and development (c) Consider a Solow model where the production function no longer exhibits diminishing returnsto capital accumulation. Assume the production function is now Y = AK. What happens tothe growth rate of per capita GDP over time?
Consider the Solow growth model with concave production function as studied in class. Supposethe economy is initially in the picture below, and currently has the level of capital stock of K0. What wouldhappen to the dynamics of capital accumulations when depreciation rate increases? Graphically denote thedirection and the speed of change/accumulation/decumulation of the capital stock, then verbally explain whythey move like so.
2. Solow-Swan Model (a) You will demonstrate the importance of diminishing returns to capital in the Solow-Swanmodel. Draw a Solow-Swan diagram in which there are constant returns to capital. Thiswould happen if the production function were Yt= AKt, where A = 1. Furthermore,assume that the sum of population growth and the depreciation rate is greater than thesaving rate. Does the economy converge to a steady state in this case? To answer thisquestion, you should draw a Solow-Swan diagram in terms of output per person, as we didin class. Use this diagram to explain why the economy converges to a steady state or doesnot. (b) Assume, instead, that the sum of population growth and the depreciation rate is equal tothe saving rate. In this case, are there any steady states? If yes, describe the steady-statelevels of capital per person. If no, explain why not. (Note: Diagram is not needed for thispart.)
which statement \s are true. use graphs to exlain a. In the Solow growth model, the saving rate is a crucial determinant of the economy's long-run growth rate of output per worker. b. In the endogenous growth model , the representative firm sets the wage so that the demand and supply of efficiency units of labour are equal. c. In the endogenous growth model , there is no steady state of the economy as human capital will always continue to grow forever. d. The assumption of Constant Returns to Scale technology implies that the marginal product of factor imput is always decreasing.
In Solow model, we assumed that population growth rate is irrelevant to saving rate and technological progress. In this question, we will relax this assumption. Assume that population growth would reduce technological progress, what would happen to the steady state level of capital per capita? What if otherwise population growth increases technological progress? Explain mathematically and graphically.
In the Solow growth model, what two things (lines/equations) are equalin steady state? Explain all of the variables and the logic of why this is asteady state
(a) Consider an economy that is initially in a steady state equilibrium. Assume that in this equilibrium it has a saving rate of 50 per cent and a depreciation rate of 2 per cent. Further assume that the population growth rate is 3% and that the level of output produced can be represented by the following production function: = where A = 1 and = 0.5. Use the Solow-Swan model to determine the level of capital per worker and output per worker in this economy. (1 mark) (b) Now suppose the government introduces a set of policies to improve the institutional set up as well as better production technique which increases total factor productivity by double. What is the new steady state level of capital per worker and output per worker? (1 mark) (c) Use a Solow-Swan diagram to show the qualitative effects of this new government policy upon steady state output per worker and capital per worker. Briefly describe the intuition behind this result. (1 mark) (d) Now suppose, population growth rate…
An increase in the labor force: Consider a onetime change in governmentpolicy that immediately and permanently increases the level of the labor forcein an economy (such as a more generous immigration policy). In particular,suppose it rises permanently from L to Lr. Assuming the economy starts inits initial steady state, use the Solow model to explain what happens to the economy over time and in the long run. In particular, comment on what hap-pens to the level and growth rate of per capita GDP.
Suppose a Solow economy is initially at its steady state k∗, and suddenly is hit by a decrease in the depreciation rate δ, from δ to δ1. This change does not alter any of the other exogenous parameters in the model Depict this situation in a graph What happens to steady state level of capital per capita in this situation? What happens to the level of capital per capita over time? Depict this in a graph and explain intuitively.
4 Consider the context of the Solow model with technical progress in an excess saving scenario, that is,the savings rate is higher than the golden rule savings rate. Imagine that the economy started is in steady state, but at time t0 the saving rate increases suddenly. Elaborate graphs that show the evolution over time of the variables mentioned in the followingparagraphs as a result of the previous event .a) Growth rate of capital per effective workerb) Growth rate of capital per workerc) Capital growth rated) Natural logarithm of capital per effective workere) Natural logarithm of capital per workerf) Natural logarithm of capital