The so-called hypervariable regions (HV1 and HV2) of the human mitochondrial genome are sometimes used in forensic analysis. They are two noncoding regions of the mitochondrial genome, each approximately 300 bp, that flank the origin of replication; the function of these DNA sequences is not well understood. However, these two regions of mtDNA show the most variation (SNPs and InDels) among different people. The DNA within HVI and HV2 accumulates mutations at ten times the rate of DNA sequences in the nuclear genome. a. Under what circumstances would human mtDNA be preferable over nuclear DNA for identifying individuals?

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Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.