to cysteine residues in protein active sites. What glycolytic enzyme would be affected? As a result, what intermediate(s) accumulate? Explain why. 5. Of the ten reactions in glycolysis, which ones are at or close to equilibrium? Which ones are regulated? Explain your answer in terms of the free energy (AG) at cellular conditions. Hint: see table 18.1

to cysteine residues in protein active sites. What glycolytic enzyme would be affected? As a result, what intermediate(s) accumulate? Explain why. 5. Of the ten reactions in glycolysis, which ones are at or close to equilibrium? Which ones are regulated? Explain your answer in terms of the free energy (AG) at cellular conditions. Hint: see table 18.1

Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity

10th Edition

ISBN:9781337399074

Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel

Publisher:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel

Chapter24: Biochemistry

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 34GQ: The first step of the metabolic process known as glycolysis is the conversion of glucose to glucose-...

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some articifical sweeteners are isomers of natural sugars. Being isomers, the digestive enzymes do not recognize them and can do catabolize them (break them down). Write testable hypothesis regarding the catabolism of natural vs. artificial sweeteners by the model Eukaryotic organism, yeast. H0: HA:
Wheeler and Mathews (J. Biol. Chem. 287:31218–31222 (2012)) reportedthe NAD+ and NADH concentrations in yeast mitochondria as 20 mM and0.3 mM, respectively. Consider the malate dehydrogenase reaction, which is part of the citric acid cycle:malate + NAD+ → oxaloacetate + NADH + H+ ΔG∘' = +29.7 kJ/molIf malate concentration in yeast mitochondria is 0.4 mM, what is the maximum concentration of oxaloacetate needed to make the reaction exergonic at pH 7.0 and 37°C?
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The first step of the metabolic process known as glycolysis is the conversion of glucose to glucose- 6-phosphate. This process has a positive value for rG' Glucose + Pi Glucose-6-phosphate + H2O rG' = +13.8 kJ/mol-rxn This reaction is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP ATP + H2O ADP + Pi rG' = -30.5 kJ/mol-rxn What is the sum of these two equations and the value of rG' for the coupled reaction? Is the coupled reaction product-favored at equilibrium?
TPP is a coenzyme for transketolase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of a ketopentose (xylulose5-phosphate) and an aldopentose (ribose-5-phosphate) to an aldotriose (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate) and a ketoheptose (sedoheptulose-7-phosphate). Notice that the total number of carbons in the reactants and products is the same (5 + 5 = 3 + 7). Propose a mechanism for this reaction.
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The enzyme d-amino acid oxidase has avery high turnover number because the d-amino acids are potentially toxic. The KM for the enzyme is in the range of 1 to2 mM for the aromatic amino acids and in the range of 15 to20 mM for such amino acids as serine, alanine, and the acidicamino acids. Which of these amino acids are the preferred substrates for the enzyme?
Explain a phase G1, S, and G2 from mitosis.
explain each graph above about enzymes and the factors affecting enzymatic activity.