To oxidize the reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2, and provide energy for the synthesis of ATP
Q: assuming each NADH produces 3 ATP and each fadh2 produces 2 ATP in oxidative phosphorylation…
A: Oxidative phosphorylation is the process in which the maximum number of ATP is generated in the…
Q: The role of ATP as an intermediate between the catabolism and anabolism.
A: Introduction ATP, the Adenosine Triphosphate is an energy molecule used for driving almost all…
Q: How many ATP can be produced from the catabolism of one glucose molecule. (Assume that each NADH…
A: Glucose undergoes glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the Kreb's cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation in…
Q: assuming each NADH produces 3 ATP and each fadh2 produces 2 ATP in oxidative phosphorylation…
A: Respiration is the breaking down of glucose into CO2 , water and energy in the form of ATP.
Q: the metabolic roles played in cells by the coenzyme NAD+ and NADP+
A: Co-enzymes organic cofactors are generally called coenzymes. Co-enzymes in combination with their…
Q: how many ATP synthesized by oxidation of NADH by O2? Compare it with the ATP synthesized by…
A: Electron transport through complexes I, III, and IV is coupled to the transport of protons out of…
Q: Opposing degradative and biosynthetic pathways (such as glycolysis and gluconeogenesis).
A: In this question, we have to answer which type of enzymes are use in reaction that opposing…
Q: In aerobic respiration, why are electrons moved from organic macromolecules to electron carriers…
A: Cellular respiration is the process of utilizing oxygen and food molecules to create energy, carbon…
Q: Hydrolysis of ATP is more exergonic than oxidation of NADH.
A: Answer: EXERGONIC REACTION = These are the reactions of hydrolysis, synthesizing, catabolic…
Q: An enzyme that is not attached to any mitochondrial membrane 1-pyruvate decarboxylase 2-succinic…
A: The mitochondria is commonly known as the powerhouse of the cell as this is where ATP synthesis…
Q: Pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane by the action of the electron transport chain. Cross…
A: Introduction- Aerobic respiration is a type of cellular respiration that provides energy in the…
Q: ajority of ATP production in aerobic cellular respiration occurs within the mitochondria during…
A: Mitochondria is the main organically for aerobic respiration. Cellular respiration is divided into…
Q: At which steps of Respiration and how many ATPs are synthesized in Substrate level and oxidative…
A: Respiration is a metabolic process,in which free energy released from the oxidation of organic…
Q: Enzyme involved in the second step of ketogenesis
A: Ketogenesis is the formation of ketone bodies (β-Hydroxybutyrate and acetone) from acetyl-CoA.
Q: Pyruvate kinase, a glycolysis enzyme
A:
Q: Pyruvate Oxidation enters the mitochondrion from the cytoplasm. One 2 atom is removed via 3 and 4 is…
A: Cell is the structural and functional unit of life which carries various tasks and activities for…
Q: Each acetyl CoA that enters in the citric acid cycle, 2 carbon dioxide molecules are released in…
A: The electron transport chain is a series of proteins found in the membrane of the mitochondria.…
Q: Suggest a reason why glycolysis produces NADH and thepentose phosphate pathway produces NADPH.
A: Glycolysis is a cytoplasmic pathway which breaks down glucose into three-carbon compound and…
Q: The names of the reactions obtained and used in the metabolism of Acetyl CoA
A: Acetyl CoA is a central molecule in metabolism of fat, carbs and protein. It takes part in various…
Q: why it is important to keep cellular [ATP] high relative to [ADP]. That is, why is it important to…
A: ATP or adenosine triphosphate is a molecule that provides energy for the various biochemical…
Q: the advantages and the disadvantages of the enzymes a) amylase b) invertase
A: Asked : Advantages and the disadvantages a) amylase b) invertase
Q: The oxygen required by cellular-1 --- respiration becomes part of إجابتك Why is pyruvate not…
A: The Krebs cycle takes place inside the mitochondria. The Krebs cycle produces the CO2 that you…
Q: The role of ATP as an intermediate between the catabolism and anabolism
A: All the chemical reactions occurring inside a cell make metabolism. Catabolism is the breakdown of…
Q: These are the by-product of aerobic respiration that are considered low-energy molecules.
A: All biological reactions that take place in a cell are referred to as the metabolism. It is divided…
Q: Assuming all the NADH+H+ and FADH2 are used for oxidative phosphorylation, how many net ATP are made…
A: ATP or adenosine triphosphate is the energy containing molecule in living organisms. It can be…
Q: . The energy The energy requiring step during ATP synthesis by the FoF1-ATP synthase is this step is…
A: In the eukaryotic cells the majority of ATP synthesis occurs in the mitochondria by a process…
Q: Assuming the NADH used the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle 50% of the time, how much NADH would be sent…
A: Cellular respiration is a catabolic pathway of the process of metabolism, where a series of chemical…
Q: Assuming each NADH produces 3 ATP and many ATP molecules can one glucose mole-
A: Cellular respiration comprises of four stages: Glycolysis : Breakdown of glucose into pyruvate.…
Q: The enzyme responsible for the 1st committed step in the glycolytic pathway
A:
Q: How many moles of ATP can be gained from the catabolism of the following substrates to pyruvate: a.…
A: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway where the aldohexose was converted into three molecular…
Q: understanding of similarities and differences that exist between two processes: Aerobic and…
A: The stages of cellular aerobic respiration are glycolysis pyruvate oxidation krebs cycle and…
Q: Pyruvate to Lactate number of ATP
A: Pyruvate is diverted to lactate in poorly oxygenated condition of the tissue. Pyruvate is generated…
Q: How many of the 30 ATP molecules produced from the complete oxidation of 1 glucose molecule are…
A: Glucose is the main source of energy for the cells. Glucose is obtained from the breakdown of…
Q: how ATP synthase functions
A: The study of chemical reactions that occurs within living organisms is called biochemistry. This…
Q: True or False: Hydrolysis of ATP is more exergonic than oxidation of FADH2. O True O False
A: Please find your answer in step 2.
Q: How many ATP equivalent are produced from the complete oxidation of one pyruvate to three CO2
A: The glucose breakdown into pyruvate occurs through the process of glycolysis. This metabolic pathway…
Q: the production of ATP in glycolysis via
A: Glycolysis is an important metabolic pathway through which the cells meet energy demands primarily.…
Q: Coenzymes are organic substances, while cofactors are inorganic. L-Amino-acid oxidase will catalyze…
A: We are authorized to answer three subparts at a time since you have not mentioned which part you are…
Q: In which steps of the aerobic processing of pyruvate is CO2 produced
A: Glycolysis is one of the metabolic processes where glucose is converted to pyruvate. This occurs in…
Q: Complexes I and II of the electron transport system transferelectrons from NADH and succinate from…
A: Introduction: The mitochondrial respiratory chain consists of a series of sequentially acting…
Q: Concerning glycolysis:
A: Organisms, in order to prevent loss of energy that may happen during the process of respiration,…
Q: Structure, function, Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate reactions and mechanisms of activity…
A: Pyruvate is the three carbon compound formed and is the product of glycolytic pathway. Glycolysis is…
Q: The glycolytic substrate responsible for the entry of Mannose in the preparatory stage of glycolysis
A: Glycolysis is the process by which glucose is broken down to produce two molecules of pyruvate, ATP,…
Q: The proton-motive force drives the rotation of the Y subunit of ATP synthase. This creates…
A: The ATP synthase is a mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of ATP from ADP and…
Q: sult in favoring the oxygenation actions over the carboxylation actions catalysed by Rubisco
A: Rubisco stands for Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase. It is a copper-containing…
Q: Two examples of disease which is a result of mutations of the complexes involved in the…
A: The electron transport chain is a set of four protein complexes that link redox processes to create…
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- Normally, the flow of electrons to O2 is tightlylinked to the production of ATP via the electrochemicalgradient. If ATP synthase is inhibited, for example, elec-trons do not flow down the electron-transport chain andrespiration ceases. Since the 1940s, several substances—such as 2,4-dinitrophenol—have been known to uncou-ple electron flow from ATP synthesis. Dinitrophenol wasonce prescribed as a diet drug to aid in weight loss. Howwould an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation pro-mote weight loss? Why do you suppose dinitrophenol isno longer prescribed?Much of our understanding of ATP synthase is derived from research on aerobic bacteria. What makes these organisms useful for this research? Where do the reactions of glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron-transport chain occur in these organisms?Consider a brain cell with non-functional Complex II of the electron transport chain (Assume that the deficiency is isolated and will not influence the function of other respiration components) In these cells/tissues, determine the following from the catabolism of the 2.5 moles of the disaccharide lactose (will be hydrolyzed first to yield glucose and galactose). Net ATP from glycolysis ATP from oxidative decarboxylation (if applicable) ATP formed from Krebs cycle (if applicable) Total net ATP
- Assuming that the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle is operative, a complete oxidation of five molecules of glucose (by a eukaryotic cell) into carbon dioxide and water would produce approximately _________ ATP molecules via oxidative phosphorylation only. (Consider NADH = 2.5 ATP and FADH2 = 1.5 ATP)Oxidative phosphorylation generates ATP using the reducing power of [ Select ] ["NADH, FADH2", "malate", "", ""] to move electrons down a series of carriers to ultimately produce a [ Select ] ["phosphate gradient", "proton gradient"] across the inner mitochondrial membrane, which is used by ATP synthase to make ATP. ATP synthase harnesses the energy stored in both [ Select ] ["charge and concentration gradients", "electrostatic and van der Waals interactions"] to achieve high energy phosphate bond synthesis. If the ion gradient across the inner membrane is dissipated by the expression of UCP1, ATP is not synthesized and [ Select ] ["heat is generated", "electron transport is blocked"] . The final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is [ Select ] ["oxygen", "carbon dioxide"] with water as a product.Discuss why the electron transport chain ceases to operate when actively respiring mitochondria are exposed to an inhibitor of ATP Synthase. Name several specific inhibitors of ATP synthase. How do those inhibitors inhibit ATP synthase? What is the thermodynamic result of this inhibition? Why does the inhibition of the synthase cause inhibition of the ETS?
- Maximal production of ATP from glucose involves the reactions of glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain. Which of these reactions requires O2, and why? Which, in certain organisms or physiological conditions, can proceed in the absence of O2?Describe in broad outline the stucture of ATP synthase(what parts make up the molecule and how are these bound in relation to each other? And how this enzyme catalyzes the synthesis of ATP mitochondriaATP generationinvolves electron transport chains and the enzyme ATPsynthase, which are embedded in the mitochondrion’s______ membrane.
- The reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH2 are oxidized in the ETS. What is the final electron acceptor of the ETS? What is the function of the H+ ion in ATP synthesis?Which of the following statements concerning oxidative phosphorylation is false? Group of answer choices: The electron transport chain generates an electrochemical gradient that drives the production of ATP. ATP synthase with fewer subunits in its c ring will produce more ATP per proton. A “loose” β subunit of ATP synthase becomes a “tight” site as it produces ATP. When the supply of NADH and QH2 (ubiquinol) decreases, ATP synthase produces more ATP.Give the Steps, Enzyme/s involved, Electron carriers, ATP Generation, End product and significance of the following metabolic pathway: Oxidative Phosphorylation (explain in 1-3 sentences only) P.S add row if necessary
