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- Metalcore Ltd is a metal and woodcutting manufacturer, selling products to the home construction market. Consider the following data for the year ended 31 December 2021. Sales revenues $95,000 Administrative expenses $3,500 Beginning work in process inventory $5,400 Indirect labour $6,300 Plant depreciation $3,500 Ending work in process inventory $6,608 Direct material issues $9,000 Ending finished goods inventory $5,400 Plant insurance $3,800 Direct material purchases $9,200 Direct labour $16,270 Beginning finished goods inventory $6,760 Other Manufacturing overheads $6,000 Material handling costs $5,400 Required: Prepare a statement of the cost of goods sold for Metalcore Ltd for the year ended 31 December 2021.Chewy Bones manufactures its own brand of pet chew bones. At the end of December 2018, the accounting records showed the following: Balances: Beginning Ending Direct Materials $ 13,400 $ 10,500 Work-in-Process Inventory 0 1,500 Finished Goods Inventory 0 5,400 Other information: Direct materials purchases $ 39,000 Plant janitorial services 900 Sales salaries 5,100 Delivery costs 1,700 Net sales revenue 115,000 Utilities for plant 1,200 Rent on plant 9,000 Customer service hotline costs 1,600 Direct labor 16,000 Requirements 1.Prepare a schedule of cost of goods manufactured for Chewy Bones for the year ended December 31, 2018. 2.Prepare an income statement for Chewy Bones for the year ended December 31, 2018. 3.How does the format of the income statement for…Brown Printing, a small family-owned business, began operations on March 1, manufacturing premium quality books. The owners have expertise in printing but no accounting knowledge or experience. The company’s independent accountant compiled the following data for the month of March. They have also requested an income statement. Sales price $90 per book Number of units produced 15,000 books Number of units sold 10,000 books Direct materials cost $15 per book Direct labor cost $6 per book Variable manufacturing overhead $4 per book Fixed manufacturing overhead $240,000 per month Selling cost $3 per book Administrative expenses $160,000 per month The owners want to understand these numbers and how they can use the information to run the business. 1. Identify and describe two limitations of using absorption costing. 2. Explain why there is a difference in net income between variable costing and absorption costing. Show your…
- Brown Printing, a small family-owned business, began operations on March 1, manufacturing premium quality books. The owners have expertise in printing but no accounting knowledge or experience. The company’s independent accountant compiled the following data for the month of March. They have also requested an income statement. Sales price $90 per book Number of units produced 15,000 books Number of units sold 10,000 books Direct materials cost $15 per book Direct labor cost $6 per book Variable manufacturing overhead $4 per book Fixed manufacturing overhead $240,000 per month Selling cost $3 per book Administrative expenses $160,000 per month The owners want to understand these numbers and how they can use the information to run the business. 1a. Calculate the unit cost of goods sold using absorption costing. 1b Prepare the income statement for March using absorption costing. 2a. Identify and describe two advantages of…Brown Printing, a small family-owned business, began operations on March 1, manufacturing premium quality books. The owners have expertise in printing but no accounting knowledge or experience. The company’s independent accountant compiled the following data for the month of March. They have also requested an income statement. Sales price $90 per book Number of units produced 15,000 books Number of units sold 10,000 books Direct materials cost $15 per book Direct labor cost $6 per book Variable manufacturing overhead $4 per book Fixed manufacturing overhead $240,000 per month Selling cost $3 per book Administrative expenses $160,000 per month The owners want to understand these numbers and how they can use the information to run the business. Explain why there is a difference in net income between variable costing and absorption costing. Show your calculations. 2. Define and explain throughput costing.Brown Printing, a small family-owned business, began operations on March 1, manufacturing premium quality books. The owners have expertise in printing but no accounting knowledge or experience. The company’s independent accountant compiled the following data for the month of March. They have also requested an income statement. Sales price $90 per book Number of units produced 15,000 books Number of units sold 10,000 books Direct materials cost $15 per book Direct labor cost $6 per book Variable manufacturing overhead $4 per book Fixed manufacturing overhead $240,000 per month Selling cost $3 per book Administrative expenses $160,000 per month The owners want to understand these numbers and how they can use the information to run the business. Define and explain absorption and variable costing. a. Calculate the unit cost of goods sold using variable costing.b. Prepare the income statement for March using variable…
- Western Boot Co. sells men’s, women’s, and children’s boots. For each type of boot sold, it operates a separate department that has its own manager. The manager of the men’s department has a sales staff of nine employees, the manager of the women’s department has six employees, and the manager of the children’s department has three employees. All departments are housed in a single store. In recent years, the children’s department has operated at a net loss and is expected to continue to do so. Last year’s income statements follow. *Before the paragraph it stated under check figures " a. Contribution to profit: $4,000"Gourmet Bones manufactures its own brand of pet chew bones. At the end of December 2018, the accounting recods showed the following: Beginning Ending Direct Materials $13,500 $7,500 Work in Process Inventory 0 $3,500 Finished Goods Inventory 0 $5200 Other Information: Direct materials purchases $ 36,000 Plant janitorial servieces 700 Sales salaries 6,000 Delivery costs 1,300 Net sales revenue 107,000 Utilites for plant 1,300 Rent on plant 17,000 Customer service hotline costs 1,200 Direct labor 23,000 Requirements 1. Prepare a schedule of cost of goods manufactured for Gourmet Bones for the year ended December 31,2018. 2.…Paul Golding and his wife, Nancy, established Crunchy Chips in 1938. Over the past 60 years, the company has established distribution channels in 11 western states, with production facilities in Utah, New Mexico, and Colorado. In 1980, Pauls son, Edward, took control of the business. By 2017, it was clear that the companys plants needed to gain better control over production costs to stay competitive. Edward hired a consultant to install a standard costing system. To help the consultant establish the necessary standards, Edward sent her the following memo: The manufacturing process for potato chips begins when the potatoes are placed into a large vat in which they are automatically washed. After washing, the potatoes flow directly to an automatic peeler. The peeled potatoes then pass by inspectors, who manually cut out deep eyes or other blemishes. After inspection, the potatoes are automatically sliced and dropped into the cooking oil. The frying process is closely monitored by an employee. After the chips are cooked, they pass under a salting device and then pass by more inspectors, who sort out the unacceptable finished chips (those that are discolored or too small). The chips then continue on the conveyor belt to a bagging machine that bags them in 1-pound bags. After bagging, the bags are placed in a box and shipped. The box holds 15 bags. The raw potato pieces (eyes and blemishes), peelings, and rejected finished chips are sold to animal feed producers for 0.16 per pound. The company uses this revenue to reduce the cost of potatoes. We would like this reflected in the price standard relating to potatoes. Crunchy Chips purchases high-quality potatoes at a cost of 0.245 per pound. Each potato averages 4.25 ounces. Under efficient operating conditions, it takes four potatoes to produce one 16-ounce bag of plain chips. Although we label bags as containing 16 ounces, we actually place 16.3 ounces in each bag. We plan to continue this policy to ensure customer satisfaction. In addition to potatoes, other raw materials are the cooking oil, salt, bags, and boxes. Cooking oil costs 0.04 per ounce, and we use 3.3 ounces of oil per bag of chips. The cost of salt is so small that we add it to overhead. Bags cost 0.11 each and boxes 0.52 each. Our plant produces 8.8 million bags of chips per year. A recent engineering study revealed that we would need the following direct labor hours to produce this quantity if our plant operates at peak efficiency: Im not sure that we can achieve the level of efficiency advocated by the study. In my opinion, the plant is operating efficiently for the level of output indicated if the hours allowed are about 10% higher. The hourly labor rates agreed upon with the union are: Overhead is applied on the basis of direct labor dollars. We have found that variable overhead averages about 116% of our direct labor cost. Our fixed overhead is budgeted at 1,135,216 for the coming year. Required: 1. Discuss the benefits of a standard costing system for Crunchy Chips. 2. Discuss the presidents concern about using the result of the engineering study to set the labor standards. What standard would you recommend? 3. Form a group with two or three other students. Develop a standard cost sheet for Crunchy Chips plain potato chips. Round all computations to four decimal places. 4. Suppose that the level of production was 8.8 million bags of potato chips for the year as planned. If 9.5 million pounds of potatoes were used, compute the materials usage variance for potatoes.
- Huron Manufacturing Co. uses a job order cost system to cost its products. It recently signed a new contract with the union that calls for time-and-a-half for all work over 40 hours a week and double-time for Saturday and Sunday. Also, a bonus of 1% of the employees earnings for the year is to be paid to the employees at the end of the fiscal year. The controller, the plant manager, and the sales manager disagree as to how the overtime pay and the bonus should be allocated. An examination of the first months payroll under the new union contract provisions shows the following: Analysis of the supporting payroll documents revealed the following: a. More production was scheduled each day than could be handled in a regular workday, resulting in the need for overtime. b. The Saturday and Sunday hours resulted from rush orders with special contract arrangements with the customers. The controller believes that the overtime premiums and the bonus should be charged to factory overhead and spread over all production of the accounting period, regardless of when the jobs were completed. The plant manager favors charging the overtime premiums directly to the jobs worked on during overtime hours and the bonus to administrative expense. The sales manager states that the overtime premiums and bonus are not factory costs chargeable to regular production but are costs created from administrative policies and, therefore, should be charged only to administrative expense. Required: 1. Evaluate each positionthe controllers, the plant managers, and the sales managers. If you disagree with all of the positions taken, present your view of the appropriate allocation. 2. Prepare the journal entries to illustrate the position you support, including the accrual for the bonus.Vargas, Inc., produces industrial machinery. Vargas has a machining department and a group of direct laborers called machinists. Each machinist is paid 25,000 and can machine up to 500 units per year. Vargas also hires supervisors to develop machine specification plans and to oversee production within the machining department. Given the planning and supervisory work, a supervisor can oversee three machinists, at most. Vargass accounting and production history reveal the following relationships between units produced and the costs of direct labor and supervision (measured on an annual basis): Required: 1. Prepare two graphs: one that illustrates the relationship between direct labor cost and units produced, and one that illustrates the relationship between the cost of supervision and units produced. Let cost be the vertical axis and units produced the horizontal axis. 2. How would you classify each cost? Why? 3. Suppose that the normal range of activity is between 2,400 and 2,450 units and that the exact number of machinists is currently hired to support this level of activity. Further suppose that production for the next year is expected to increase by an additional 400 units. How much will the cost of direct labor increase (and how will this increase be realized)? Cost of supervision?Lesters Rentals is located in Cincinnati, Ohio. The company rents party equipment such as tents, tables, chairs, linens, and china for small occasions and large weddings. They also rent a variety of home improvement tools and contractor equipment including generators, grinders, power hammers, and drills. The company serves approximately 5,000 repeat customers and has more than 1,200 different inventory items for rent in stock. Lesters purchases replacement stock from 45 different vendors. Each vendor supplies different items, but Lestors may purchase the same item from different vendors. Other business rules include (1) each inventory type has multiple quantities on hand (2) customers use their telephone numbers to uniquely identify themselves for rentals; (3) customers may rent more than one item of the same type. Required Create a normalized data model for Lesters Rentals. Include the primary keys, data attributes, and foreign keys.
